Bernhardt Thomas G, Wang Ing-Nang, Struck Douglas K, Young Ry
Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Res Microbiol. 2002 Oct;153(8):493-501. doi: 10.1016/s0923-2508(02)01330-x.
Bacteriophages must destroy the bacterial cell wall to lyse their host and release their progeny into the environment. There are at least two distinct mechanisms by which phages destroy the cell wall. Bacteriophages with large genomes use a holin-endolysin system, while bacteriophages with small genomes encode a single lysis protein. Three unrelated single protein lysis systems are known and these proteins will be the focus of the review. Recent results indicate that at least two of these proteins inhibit cell wall synthesis and are thus the phage analogs of antibiotics like penicillin.
噬菌体必须破坏细菌细胞壁才能裂解其宿主并将后代释放到环境中。噬菌体破坏细胞壁至少有两种不同的机制。具有大基因组的噬菌体使用孔蛋白-内溶素系统，而具有小基因组的噬菌体编码一种单一的裂解蛋白。已知有三种不相关的单蛋白裂解系统，这些蛋白将是本综述的重点。最近的结果表明，这些蛋白中至少有两种抑制细胞壁合成，因此是青霉素等抗生素的噬菌体类似物。
