Trüeb Ralph M
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland.
Am J Clin Dermatol. 2002;3(9):617-27. doi: 10.2165/00128071-200203090-00004.
Hypertrichosis is the term used for the growth of hair on any part of the body in excess of the amount usually present in persons of the same age, race, and sex, excluding androgen-induced hair growth. In its generalized and circumscribed forms, hypertrichosis may either be an isolated finding, or be associated with other abnormalities. Therefore, accurate classification of hypertrichosis is mandatory. Excessive hair may cause cosmetic embarrassment, resulting in a significant emotional burden, particularly if extensive. Treatment options are limited, and the results of therapy not always satisfactory. Patients should, therefore, be adequately advised of the available treatment modalities for temporary or permanent hair removal. No single method of hair removal is appropriate for all body locations or patients, and the one adopted will depend on the character, area, and amount of hair growth, as well as on the age of the patient, and their personal preference. The currently available treatment methods include cosmetic procedures (bleaching, trimming, shaving, plucking, waxing, chemical depilatories, and electrosurgical epilation), and hair removal using light sources and lasers. Laser-assisted hair removal is the most efficient method of long-term hair removal currently available. The lack of comparative data make it difficult to choose the most effective system, however, although the color contrast between epidermis and the hair shaft will determine the type of laser to favor. A novel treatment for slowing excessive hair growth is topical eflornithine, an inhibitor of the enzyme ornithine decarboxylase present in hair follicles that is important in hair growth. In general, treatment of hypertrichosis is more satisfactory for patients with localized involvement, than for those with generalized hypertrichosis.
多毛症是指身体任何部位毛发的生长超过同年龄、种族和性别的正常人通常的毛发量，但不包括雄激素引起的毛发生长。多毛症有全身性和局限性两种形式，它既可能是一个孤立的表现，也可能与其他异常情况相关。因此，对多毛症进行准确分类是必不可少的。过多的毛发可能会导致美容方面的困扰，给患者带来巨大的心理负担，尤其是毛发广泛分布时。治疗选择有限，而且治疗效果并不总是令人满意。因此，应该向患者充分告知现有的临时或永久性脱毛治疗方法。没有一种单一的脱毛方法适用于所有身体部位或所有患者，所采用的方法将取决于毛发的特征、部位、生长量，以及患者的年龄和个人偏好。目前可用的治疗方法包括美容程序（漂白、修剪、剃须、拔毛、打蜡、化学脱毛剂和电外科脱毛）以及使用光源和激光的脱毛方法。激光辅助脱毛是目前可用的最有效的长期脱毛方法。然而，由于缺乏比较数据，很难选择最有效的系统，尽管表皮和毛干之间的颜色对比将决定所青睐的激光类型。一种减缓过多毛发生长的新疗法是局部使用依氟鸟氨酸，它是毛囊中存在的鸟氨酸脱羧酶的抑制剂，而这种酶在毛发生长中起着重要作用。一般来说，局限性多毛症患者的治疗效果比全身性多毛症患者更令人满意。
