Su Mei, West Charles A, Young Alan J, He Chufa, Konerding Moritz A, Mentzer Steven J
Harvard Surgical Research Laboratories, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Cell Physiol. 2003 Jan;194(1):54-62. doi: 10.1002/jcp.10190.
The cellular immune response depends on the delivery of lymphocytes from the lymph node to the peripheral site of antigenic challenge. During their passage through the inflammatory microcirculaton, the migratory cells can become transiently immobilized or "trapped" in small caliber vessels. In this report, we used intravital microscopy and temporal area mapping to define the dynamic deformation of efferent lymph-derived mononuclear cells trapped in the systemic inflammatory microcirculation. Mononuclear cells obtained from the efferent lymph draining the oxazolone-stimulated microcirculation were labeled with fluorescent dye and reinjected into the feeding arterial circulation. Intravital video microscopy observed thousands of cells passing through the microcirculation; 35 cells were "trapped" in the oxazolone-stimulated microcirculation. Temporal area maps of the trapped cells demonstrated dramatic slowing and deformation. The cells were trapped in the microcirculation for a median of 8.90 sec (range 5-17 sec) prior to returning to the flow stream. During this period, the cells showed sustained movement associated with both antegrade locomotion (mean cell velocity = 7.92 microm/sec; range 1.16-14.23 microm/sec) and dynamic elongation (median cell length = 73.8 microm; range 58-144 microm). In contrast, efferent lymph-derived cells passing unimpeded through the microcirculation demonstrated rapid velocity (median velocity = 216 microm/sec) and spherical geometry (median diameter = 14.6 microm). Further, the membrane surface area of the "trapped" cells, calculated based on digital image morphometry and corrosion cast scanning electron microscopy, suggested that the fractional excess membrane of the cells in the efferent lymph was significantly greater than previous estimates of membrane excess. These data indicate that transient immobilization of efferent lymph-derived mononuclear cells in the systemic inflammatory microcirculation is rare. When "trapping" does occur, the shape changes and sustained cell movement facilitated by excess cell membrane may contribute to the return of the "trapped cells" into the flow stream.
细胞免疫反应依赖于淋巴细胞从淋巴结输送至抗原攻击的外周部位。在其通过炎性微循环的过程中，迁移细胞可能会暂时固定或“滞留”在小口径血管中。在本报告中，我们使用活体显微镜和时间面积映射来确定滞留于全身炎性微循环中的输出淋巴来源的单核细胞的动态变形。从排出恶唑酮刺激微循环的输出淋巴中获得的单核细胞用荧光染料标记，并重新注入供血动脉循环。活体视频显微镜观察到数千个细胞通过微循环；35个细胞“滞留”在恶唑酮刺激的微循环中。滞留细胞的时间面积图显示出显著的减速和变形。这些细胞在返回血流之前，在微循环中滞留的中位时间为8.90秒（范围为5 - 17秒）。在此期间，细胞表现出持续运动，与顺行运动（平均细胞速度 = 7.92微米/秒；范围为1.16 - 14.23微米/秒）和动态伸长（中位细胞长度 = 73.8微米；范围为58 - 144微米）相关。相比之下，顺利通过微循环的输出淋巴来源的细胞显示出快速速度（中位速度 = 216微米/秒）和球形形态（中位直径 = 14.6微米）。此外，基于数字图像形态测量和铸型扫描电子显微镜计算得出的“滞留”细胞的膜表面积表明，输出淋巴中细胞的多余膜部分明显大于先前对膜多余部分的估计。这些数据表明，输出淋巴来源的单核细胞在全身炎性微循环中的短暂固定很少见。当“滞留”确实发生时，多余细胞膜促进的形状变化和细胞持续运动可能有助于“滞留细胞”返回血流。
