The occurence of biotin deficiency and fatty liver and kidney syndrome (FLKS) in chicks was studied using a 2x2x2x2 factorial-design experiment in which the variables were dietary biotin, fat and protein, and starvation. 2. The severity of biotin deficiency, using growth retardation and severity of dermal lesions as criteria, was least when the low-biotin diet also contained low levels of fat and protein. Addition of fat or protein increased the severity of the deficiency. Tissue fatty acid composition was affected by biotin deficiency only in those birds given the low-protein, low-fat diet. The main change was an increase in the ratio, 16:1 fatty acids :18:0 fatty acids. Plasma glucose and free fatty acid levels in non-fasted birds were unaffected by the dietary variables. 3. Mortality from FLKS with the diet containing low biotin, fat and protein levels was 52% at 28d, but was reduced or eliminated when the dietary level of any of these ingredients was increased. 4. Starvation considerably increased the incidnece of FLKS in the period immediately after fasting, and also affected plasma glucose and free fatty acid concentrations. Liver fatty acid composition, indicated an increase in the proportion of 18:0 at the expense of 16:1 and concentrations increased in proportion, at the expense of 18:0. 5. The relationship between biotin deficiency and FLKS, and a possible mechanism for the induction of FLKS by starvation are discussed.
摘要
采用2×2×2×2析因设计实验研究了雏鸡生物素缺乏症以及脂肪肝和肾病综合征（FLKS）的发生情况，其中变量包括日粮生物素、脂肪、蛋白质以及饥饿状态。2. 以生长迟缓及皮肤损伤严重程度为标准，当低生物素日粮中脂肪和蛋白质水平也较低时，生物素缺乏的严重程度最低。添加脂肪或蛋白质会加重缺乏的严重程度。仅在给予低蛋白、低脂肪日粮的雏鸡中，生物素缺乏会影响组织脂肪酸组成。主要变化是16:1脂肪酸与18:0脂肪酸的比例增加。非禁食雏鸡的血浆葡萄糖和游离脂肪酸水平不受日粮变量影响。3. 含低生物素、低脂肪和低蛋白水平日粮的FLKS在28日龄时死亡率为52%，但当这些成分中任何一种的日粮水平增加时，死亡率会降低或消除。4. 饥饿在禁食后的 immediately period 显著增加了FLKS的发病率，并且也影响血浆葡萄糖和游离脂肪酸浓度。肝脏脂肪酸组成表明，18:0的比例增加，以16:1为代价，且浓度成比例增加，以18:0为代价。5. 讨论了生物素缺乏与FLKS之间的关系，以及饥饿诱导FLKS的可能机制。 （注：“immediately after fasting”中的“immediately period”表述有误，推测可能是“immediate period”即“禁食后的即刻阶段” ，这里按推测翻译了，但原文表述不太准确。）
