Nolte H, Babakhin A, Babanin A, Bakhutashvili V, Beloglazov V, Bezruchenko O, Blaziene A, Chuchalin A, Drannik G, Endre L, Khaitov R, Khanferyan R, Kowal K, Kowalski M, Markov A, Petrov R, Puchlik B, Rosovenko A, Sepiashvili R, Stepka K, Titov L, Tsybulkina V, Yashina L, Zakirova I, DuBuske L M
Asthma & Allergy Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Bispebjerg University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2002 Nov;89(5):452-6. doi: 10.1016/S1081-1206(10)62080-7.
Allergic reactions to natural rubber latex have increased during the past 10 years, especially in many health care workers (HCWs) who have high exposure to latex allergens. The prevalence of skin test reactions to natural rubber latex in Russia, the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), and eastern Europe is unknown.
The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of skin test reactivity to natural rubber latex in a population of HCWs exposed to latex.
Nine hundred one HCWs regularly exposed to latex were evaluated using an allergy history questionnaire. Subjects were tested for latex allergy by titrated skin prick test with a biologically standardized latex extract. The diagnosis of latex allergy was defined by the presence of clinical symptoms when exposed to latex along with a positive skin prick test to latex.
Forty-nine (5.4%) HCWs were skin test-positive to latex. Seventeen (1.9%) HCWs were classified as latex-allergic based upon positive skin tests to latex associated with allergy symptoms with exposure. Seven of 901 HCWs had experienced anaphylactic reactions to latex. The most frequently reported symptom related to latex exposure was contact urticaria.
The prevalence of latex allergy among HCWs in Russia, the CIS, and adjacent eastern European countries is considerably less than reported in HCWs exposed to latex in western Europe and the United States. The low prevalence of latex allergy in Russia and the CIS suggests that lessened exposure to natural latex powdered gloves may diminish the prevalence of latex sensitization in HCWs in Russia and the CIS.
在过去10年中，对天然橡胶乳胶的过敏反应有所增加，尤其是在许多高暴露于乳胶过敏原的医护人员（HCW）中。俄罗斯、独立国家联合体（CIS）和东欧对天然橡胶乳胶皮肤试验反应的患病率尚不清楚。
本研究的目的是确定暴露于乳胶的医护人员群体中对天然橡胶乳胶皮肤试验反应性的患病率。
使用过敏史问卷对901名经常接触乳胶的医护人员进行评估。通过用生物标准化乳胶提取物进行滴定皮肤点刺试验对受试者进行乳胶过敏测试。乳胶过敏的诊断定义为接触乳胶时出现临床症状以及对乳胶皮肤点刺试验呈阳性。
49名（5.4%）医护人员对乳胶皮肤试验呈阳性。17名（1.9%）医护人员根据对乳胶的阳性皮肤试验以及接触时的过敏症状被归类为乳胶过敏。901名医护人员中有7人曾对乳胶发生过敏反应。与乳胶接触最常报告的症状是接触性荨麻疹。
俄罗斯、独联体和邻近东欧国家医护人员中乳胶过敏的患病率远低于西欧和美国报告的接触乳胶医护人员中的患病率。俄罗斯和独联体乳胶过敏患病率较低表明，减少对天然乳胶粉末手套的接触可能会降低俄罗斯和独联体医护人员中乳胶致敏的患病率。
