MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002 Nov 8;51(44):993-6.
Since the World Health Assembly launched the Global Poliomyelitis Eradication Initiative in 1988 (see box), the number of countries in which wild poliovirus is endemic has decreased from 125 to 10 in 2001. Three of the six World Health Organization (WHO) regions (Americas, European, and Western Pacific) have been certified as free of wild poliovirus transmission. The Global Commission for the Certification of the Eradication of Poliomyelitis will declare the world polio-free when all regions have documented the absence of wild poliovirus transmission for at least 3 consecutive years and when laboratories with wild poliovirus-containing materials have implemented appropriate containment conditions. This report describes preparations for laboratory containment and the creation of a global inventory of laboratories and institutions retaining wild poliovirus and summarizes global progress since July 2001. The data indicate that substantial progress has been made in identifying laboratories with wild poliovirus-containing materials and in conducting national wild poliovirus inventories.
自世界卫生大会于1988年发起全球根除脊髓灰质炎行动以来(见方框),野生脊髓灰质炎病毒流行国家的数量已从1988年的125个减少到2001年的10个。世界卫生组织(世卫组织)六个区域中的三个(美洲、欧洲和西太平洋)已被认证为无野生脊髓灰质炎病毒传播。根除脊髓灰质炎全球认证委员会将在所有区域都记录到连续至少3年无野生脊髓灰质炎病毒传播,且保留含野生脊髓灰质炎病毒材料的实验室已实施适当的控制条件时,宣布全球无脊髓灰质炎。本报告描述了实验室控制的准备工作以及建立保留野生脊髓灰质炎病毒的实验室和机构的全球清单,并总结了2001年7月以来的全球进展。数据表明,在识别含野生脊髓灰质炎病毒材料的实验室以及开展国家野生脊髓灰质炎病毒清查方面已取得重大进展。