Dietert R R, Lee J E, Bunn T L
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute for Comparative and Environmental Toxicology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
Hum Exp Toxicol. 2002 Sep-Oct;21(9-10):479-85. doi: 10.1191/0960327102ht285oa.
While the history of immunotoxicology research involving experimental animals of immature ages dates back over several decades, there exist remarkably little data, to date, directly comparing the impact of developmental status on immunotoxicological risk. Given the size of the nonadult human population and the potential for differential vulnerability among the various ages, this represents a serious gap of knowledge in efforts to minimize environmentally linked health risks. This article frames the issues surrounding developmental immunotoxicological evaluations. In particular, the issues introduced include those of potential animal models, strain/genotype selection, gender, age of exposure, and age of assessment. Recent research results involving early exposure to lead (Pb) and other chemicals are discussed to highlight the nature of the decisions that are available and the potential cost-benefit associated with various approaches to evaluation.
虽然涉及幼年实验动物的免疫毒理学研究历史可追溯到几十年前，但迄今为止，直接比较发育状态对免疫毒理学风险影响的数据非常少。考虑到非成年人的数量以及不同年龄段潜在的易感性差异，这在尽量减少与环境相关的健康风险的努力中是一个严重的知识空白。本文阐述了围绕发育免疫毒理学评估的问题。特别是，所介绍的问题包括潜在动物模型、品系/基因型选择、性别、暴露年龄和评估年龄等问题。讨论了近期涉及早期接触铅（Pb）和其他化学物质的研究结果，以突出现有决策的性质以及与各种评估方法相关的潜在成本效益。
