Bok Robert A, Small Eric J
Department of Medicine, Urologic Oncology Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
Nat Rev Cancer. 2002 Dec;2(12):918-26. doi: 10.1038/nrc951.
Prostate cancer is notoriously difficult to treat, which makes its early detection a priority. Biomarkers have been used to diagnose and monitor prostate cancer for more than 50 years, and the discovery of the serum marker prostate-specific antigen (PSA) significantly altered the detection and management of prostate cancer. But imperfect correlation with cancer hinders the usefulness of PSA. The elucidation and validation of new biological markers of prostate cancer should aid detection, and improve the application of the available therapeutics.
前列腺癌 notoriously 难以治疗，这使得早期检测成为当务之急。生物标志物已被用于诊断和监测前列腺癌50多年，血清标志物前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）的发现显著改变了前列腺癌的检测和管理。但与癌症的不完全相关性阻碍了PSA的实用性。前列腺癌新生物标志物的阐明和验证应有助于检测，并改善现有治疗方法的应用。
