Murphy Kenneth M, Reiner Steven L
Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
Nat Rev Immunol. 2002 Dec;2(12):933-44. doi: 10.1038/nri954.
After encountering antigen, helper T (T(H)) cells undergo differentiation to effector cells, which can secrete high levels of interferon-gamma, interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-10 and other immunomodulators. How T(H) cells acquire, and remember, new patterns of gene expression is an area of intensive investigation. The process is remarkably plastic, with cytokines being key regulators. Extrinsic signals seem to be integrated into cell-intrinsic programming, in what is becoming an intriguing story of regulated development. We summarize the latest insights into mechanisms that govern the lineage choices that are made during T(H)-cell responses to foreign pathogens.
遇到抗原后，辅助性T（T(H)）细胞会分化为效应细胞，这些效应细胞可分泌高水平的干扰素-γ、白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、IL-10和其他免疫调节因子。T(H)细胞如何获得并记住新的基因表达模式是一个深入研究的领域。这个过程具有显著的可塑性，细胞因子是关键调节因子。外在信号似乎被整合到细胞内在程序中，这正成为一个关于调控发育的有趣故事。我们总结了关于在T(H)细胞对外来病原体的反应过程中决定细胞谱系选择的机制的最新见解。
