Baron Richard C, Salzer Mark S
OMG Center for Collaborative Learning, Suite 805, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA.
Behav Sci Law. 2002;20(6):585-99. doi: 10.1002/bsl.513.
Persons diagnosed with a serious mental illness experience significantly high rates of unemployment compared with the general population. The explanations for this situation have included a focus on the symptoms associated with these disorders, a focus on the lack of effective vocational rehabilitation programs for this population, and, most recently, a focus on employer discrimination and the financial disincentives to employment in various public policies. The authors of this manuscript review the evolution in thought pertaining to the labor market experiences of persons with a serious mental illness and propose as an additional set of factors that should be considered, those labor market liabilities that this population shares with others without disabilities who experience similar employment histories. The authors conclude that the inclusion of these factors in our understanding of issues that persons with serious mental illness face in the competitive labor market will likely lead to a further evolution in program and policy development.
与普通人群相比,被诊断患有严重精神疾病的人失业率显著偏高。造成这种情况的原因包括关注与这些疾病相关的症状、关注针对这一人群缺乏有效的职业康复项目,以及最近关注雇主歧视和各种公共政策中不利于就业的经济因素。本文作者回顾了关于严重精神疾病患者劳动力市场经历的思想演变,并提出了另一组应考虑的因素,即这一人群与其他无残疾但有类似就业经历的人共有的劳动力市场不利因素。作者得出结论,在我们理解严重精神疾病患者在竞争性劳动力市场中面临的问题时纳入这些因素,可能会导致项目和政策制定的进一步演变。