Moraes F V, Sousa-e-Silva M C C, Barbaro K C, Leitão M A, Furtado M F D
Laboratório de Fisiopatologia, Instituto Butantan, Av. Vital Brazil, 1500, 05503-900, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Toxicon. 2003 Jan;41(1):71-9. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(02)00211-8.
Micrurus altirostris venom from Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, was characterized by its biological activities, immunochemical properties and electrophoretic pattern. The results showed a high edematogenic activity, whose peak was observed after 30min of venom injection, as well as a high indirect hemolytic activity. This venom was myotoxic, as shown by a peak of CK release at 6h after injection, and also by the appearance of muscular lesions characterized by necrosis, loss of striated muscle fibers, and the presence of vacuolization, edema and inflammatory infiltrate. This venom showed minimum proteolytic activity and no hemorrhagic, dermonecrotic or coagulant activities. Nonetheless, M. altirostris venom presented high lethal activity. Electrophoretic patterns of Micrurus frontalis and M. altirostris venoms showed different protein bands. Anti-elapidic serum could recognize M. frontalis (homologous) and M. altirostris (heterologous) venoms by Western blotting, and both venoms presented similar titers when assayed by ELISA. The results observed on neutralization tests showed that the anti-elapidic serum produced by Instituto Butantan neutralized myotoxic and hemolytic activities. However, this antivenom could not neutralize the lethal activity of M. altirostris venom. Thus, these data suggest that M. altirostris venom presents different biological, enzymatic and immunological characteristics from other Micrurus venoms, and some activities are not neutralized by the commercial anti-elapidic serum produced in Brazil.
对来自巴西南里奥格兰德州的高吻珊瑚蛇毒液进行了生物学活性、免疫化学特性及电泳图谱分析。结果显示其具有较高的致水肿活性，在注射毒液30分钟后达到峰值，同时还具有较高的间接溶血活性。该毒液具有肌毒性，注射后6小时肌酸激酶释放达到峰值，且出现以坏死、横纹肌纤维丧失、空泡化、水肿和炎性浸润为特征的肌肉损伤。该毒液的蛋白水解活性最低，且无出血、皮肤坏死或凝血活性。尽管如此，高吻珊瑚蛇毒液具有较高的致死活性。额珊瑚蛇和高吻珊瑚蛇毒液的电泳图谱显示出不同的蛋白条带。抗眼镜蛇科血清可通过蛋白质印迹法识别额珊瑚蛇（同源）和高吻珊瑚蛇（异源）毒液，通过酶联免疫吸附测定法检测时，两种毒液的滴度相似。中和试验结果表明，布坦坦研究所生产的抗眼镜蛇科血清可中和肌毒性和溶血活性。然而，这种抗蛇毒血清不能中和高吻珊瑚蛇毒液的致死活性。因此，这些数据表明，高吻珊瑚蛇毒液呈现出与其他珊瑚蛇毒液不同的生物学、酶学和免疫学特征，且巴西生产的商业抗眼镜蛇科血清不能中和某些活性。
