Higashi H G, Guidolin R, Caricati C P, Fernandes I, Marcelino J R, Morais J F, Yamagushi I K, Stephano M A, Dias-da-Silva W, Takehara H A
Divisão de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico e Produção, Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil.
Braz J Med Biol Res. 1995 Jul;28(7):767-71.
Snake venoms from M. corallinus (LD50 = 7.1 +/- 0.83 micrograms), M. frontalis (LD50 = 19.3 +/- 3.13 micrograms), M. ibiboboca (LD50 = 19.8 +/- 2.07 micrograms) and M. spiixi (LD50 = 6.7 +/- 1.25 micrograms) (family Elapidae, genus Micrurus) injected into horses alone or in combination (M. corallinus with M. frontalis) elicit antibody production, as indicated in vivo by neutralization of venom lethality and in vitro by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunoelectrophoresis (IE) and Western blotting (WB). Venom lethality was efficiently neutralized by the antisera, with the monovalent antivenoms being more efficient than the bivalent antivenom. Antibodies against venom components were detected by all antisera at different titers by ELISA. Upon IE, antisera against M. spiixi and M. frontalis venoms cross-reacted with the four types of venoms studied and recognized several molecular components, the precipitin lines obtained had distinct intensities and electrophoretic motilities, whereas the antivenom against M. corallinus only recognized components of its venom but not of the others. All antivenoms cross-reacted with all the elapid venoms in WB revealing several bands with distinct MWs in M. corallinus and M. spiixi venoms, two very sharp and separate bands in M. corallinus venom and a very sharp band of high MW together with several other smaller and faint bands in M. frontalis venom. The data indicate that snake venoms of the genus Micrurus are good immunogens that contain many cross-reactive molecules, and that their toxic components are neutralized more effectively by monovalent rather than by bivalent antivenom.
单独或联合（珊瑚眼镜蛇与眉纹眼镜蛇）将来自珊瑚眼镜蛇（半数致死量=7.1±0.83微克）、眉纹眼镜蛇（半数致死量=19.3±3.13微克）、伊比波博卡眼镜蛇（半数致死量=19.8±2.07微克）和斯皮克斯眼镜蛇（半数致死量=6.7±1.25微克）（眼镜蛇科，眼镜蛇属）的蛇毒注射到马体内可引发抗体产生，体内通过毒液致死性中和来表明，体外通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）、免疫电泳（IE）和蛋白质印迹法（WB）来表明。抗血清能有效中和毒液致死性，单价抗蛇毒血清比双价抗蛇毒血清更有效。通过ELISA，所有抗血清均能检测到针对毒液成分的不同滴度的抗体。在免疫电泳中，针对斯皮克斯眼镜蛇和眉纹眼镜蛇毒液的抗血清与所研究的四种毒液发生交叉反应，并识别出几种分子成分，所获得的沉淀线具有不同的强度和电泳迁移率，而针对珊瑚眼镜蛇的抗蛇毒血清仅识别其毒液成分，而不识别其他毒液成分。在蛋白质印迹法中，所有抗蛇毒血清均与所有眼镜蛇科毒液发生交叉反应，在珊瑚眼镜蛇和斯皮克斯眼镜蛇毒液中显示出几条具有不同分子量的条带，在珊瑚眼镜蛇毒液中有两条非常清晰且分开的条带，在眉纹眼镜蛇毒液中有一条非常清晰的高分子量条带以及其他几条较小且模糊的条带。数据表明，眼镜蛇属蛇毒是良好的免疫原，含有许多交叉反应分子，并且其毒性成分被单价抗蛇毒血清而非双价抗蛇毒血清更有效地中和。
