Obstet Gynecol. 2002 Dec;100(6):1405-12. doi: 10.1016/s0029-7844(02)02629-7.
During the past two decades, group B streptococci (GBS), or Streptococcus agalactiae, has emerged as an important cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Intrapartum administration of antibiotics to the woman (during labor or after rupture of membranes, but before delivery) has been demonstrated to reduce early-onset neonatal GBS disease. In 1996, the federal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommended that obstetric providers adopt either a culture-based or a risk-based approach for the prevention of early-onset GBS. A recent multistate retrospective cohort study of live births in 1998 and 1999 of residents from eight areas of the Active Bacterial Core Surveillance/Emerging Infections Program network suggests that the culture-based approach is superior to the risk-based approach. The Committee on Obstetric Practice supports the new CDC recommendations that obstetric providers adopt a culture-based strategy for the prevention of early-onset GBS disease in the newborn. It is important to acknowledge that complete implementation of this complex strategy will not eliminate all cases of early-onset GBS.
在过去二十年中，B族链球菌（GBS），即无乳链球菌，已成为围产期发病和死亡的一个重要原因。已证明在分娩期给产妇使用抗生素（在分娩期间或胎膜破裂后，但在分娩前）可降低早发型新生儿GBS疾病的发生率。1996年，联邦疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）、美国妇产科医师学会和美国儿科学会建议产科医疗服务提供者采用基于培养或基于风险的方法来预防早发型GBS。最近一项针对活跃细菌核心监测/新发感染项目网络八个地区1998年和1999年居民活产情况的多州回顾性队列研究表明，基于培养的方法优于基于风险的方法。产科实践委员会支持CDC的新建议，即产科医疗服务提供者采用基于培养的策略来预防新生儿早发型GBS疾病。必须认识到，全面实施这一复杂策略并不能消除所有早发型GBS病例。
