Delvigne Annick, Rozenberg Serge
IVF Centre, Department of Obstetrics-Gynaecology, University Hospital St Pierre (Free University of Brussels-ULB), Brussels, Belgium.
Int J Fertil Womens Med. 2002 Sep-Oct;47(5):211-26.
The ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is an iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation occurring during the luteal phase or early pregnancy. It has been observed over the last 60 years, since gonadotropins were first used to induce ovulation. The prevalence varies, according to study, from 0.5% to 5%. The pathogenesis of OHSS is, apparently, complex. It involves a vasoactive mediator, secreted by the ovaries (in overabundance) after artificial stimulation. Estradiol, which is a marker of ovarian response, is not the mediator. The candidate mediators reviewed are prolactin and prostaglandins; the ovarian prorenin-renin-angiotensin system; cytokines (including allergy-cytokines-histamine as a system); VEGF; angiogenin; the Kinin-Kallikrein system; VCAM and ICAM; selectins; von Willebrand factor; and endothelin. The main conclusion is that OHSS is the result of disturbance of the basically inflammation-like normal ovulation process, and has as its main feature capillary leakage and transmission of mediators to other compartments.
卵巢过度刺激综合征（OHSS）是在黄体期或妊娠早期发生的卵巢刺激的医源性并发症。自首次使用促性腺激素诱导排卵以来，在过去60年中一直观察到这种情况。根据研究，其患病率从0.5%到5%不等。OHSS的发病机制显然很复杂。它涉及人工刺激后卵巢（过量）分泌的一种血管活性介质。雌二醇是卵巢反应的标志物，但不是介质。审查的候选介质有催乳素和前列腺素；卵巢前肾素-肾素-血管紧张素系统；细胞因子（包括作为一个系统的过敏细胞因子-组胺）；血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）；血管生成素；激肽-激肽释放酶系统；血管细胞黏附分子（VCAM）和细胞间黏附分子（ICAM）；选择素；血管性血友病因子；以及内皮素。主要结论是，OHSS是基本类似炎症的正常排卵过程紊乱的结果，其主要特征是毛细血管渗漏和介质向其他腔隙的传递。
