Carlozzi Pietro
Istituto per lo Studio degli Ecosistemi, Sezione: Dinamica del Suolo, Faunistica e Microrganismi Fotosintetici, CNR, Piazzale delle Cascine, 28-50144 Firenze, Italia.
Biotechnol Bioeng. 2003 Feb 5;81(3):305-15. doi: 10.1002/bit.10478.
Efficient utilization of solar radiation for the photoautotrophic production of cyanobacterium biomass was achieved, using small pipes (ID = 0.01 m) arranged in rows in two photobioreactors facing south-north. A high Arthrospira yield of 47.7 g m(-2) (installation area) d(-1) was attained under outdoor conditions in a tubular undulating row photobioreactor (TURP-10r). During the summer, under a semicontinuous culture regime, the optimal biomass concentration (OBC) in TURP-5r was 6.0 g L(-1): it was 5.0 g L(-1) in TURP-10r. These OBCs made it possible to produce a biomass output rate of 2.7 +/- 0.2 g L(-1) d(-1) in the former and 2.1 +/- 0.1 g L(-1) d(-1) in the latter. When Arthrospira was grown at a preset dilution rate (0.3 d(-1)), sunrise cell density (SrCD) variations were not proportional to the drop of solar radiation. The SrCD was comparatively high at high solar radiation and decreased abruptly with decreasing solar radiation. There was a tendency to stabilize at low solar radiation. In both photobioreactors, the chlorophyll content of the Arthrospira biomass (% of the dry weight) was higher at sunrise than at sunset. A comparison of the chlorophyll biomass content in the TURPs showed no significant differences. Night biomass losses were very high (> 30% of the daylight productivity) when the culture temperature was kept constant at 31 +/- 1.0 degrees C: these losses fell to < 20% of the daylight productivity, when the night temperature of the cultures decreased according to the environmental temperature. Dilution of solar radiation was carried out using two quasi-laminated bioreactors. The rows of S-N facing bioreactors showed a very high growth yield in TURP-10r [about 2.1g (d.w.) MJ(-1)]. In TURP-10r, the high photic ratio (R(f) = 6), the high surface-to-volume ratio (S(ill)/V = 400 m(-1)) and the S-N facing of the rows (better than an E-W orientation) allowed for good results.
利用朝南-北排列的两个光生物反应器中排成行的小管道（内径 = 0.01米），实现了对太阳能辐射的高效利用，用于光自养生产蓝藻生物量。在室外条件下，管式起伏排式光生物反应器（TURP-10r）中节旋藻的产量高达47.7克/平方米（安装面积）·天。在夏季，在半连续培养模式下，TURP-5r中的最佳生物量浓度（OBC）为6.0克/升，TURP-10r中为5.0克/升。这些OBC使得前者的生物量产出率为2.7±0.2克/升·天，后者为2.1±0.1克/升·天。当节旋藻以预设稀释率（0.3天⁻¹）生长时，日出细胞密度（SrCD）的变化与太阳辐射的下降不成比例。在高太阳辐射下，SrCD相对较高，随着太阳辐射的降低而突然下降。在低太阳辐射下有趋于稳定的趋势。在两个光生物反应器中，节旋藻生物量的叶绿素含量（占干重的百分比）在日出时高于日落时。对TURP中叶绿素生物量含量的比较没有显示出显著差异。当培养温度保持在31±1.0℃恒定时，夜间生物量损失非常高（>白天生产力的30%）；当培养物的夜间温度根据环境温度下降时，这些损失降至<白天生产力的20%。使用两个准层流生物反应器进行太阳辐射的稀释。朝南-北排列的生物反应器行在TURP-10r中显示出非常高的生长产量[约2.1克（干重）/兆焦]。在TURP-10r中，高光比（R(f)=6）、高表面积与体积比（S(ill)/V = 400米⁻¹）以及行的朝南-北排列（优于东西向）带来了良好的结果。
