Doong Ruey-an, Lei Wen-gang
Department of Nuclear Science, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang Fu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan, ROC.
J Hazard Mater. 2003 Jan 3;96(1):15-27. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3894(02)00167-x.
The solubilization and mineralization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a soil system amended with different surfactants was examined. Mineralization experiments were conducted with the addition of [14C]pyrene. An inoculum of the PAH-degrading microorganism, Pseudomonas putida, was investigated for its sensitivity towards four non-ionic and one anionic surfactants with different polyoxyethylene (POE) chain lengths. The addition of surfactant was found to enhance the bioavailability of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene with efficiencies ranging from 21.1 to 60.6%, 33.3 to 62.8% and 26.8 to 70.9%, respectively. The enhanced efficiency followed the order of Brij 30, Triton X-100, Tween 80, and Brij 35, which is correlated with the polyoxyethylene chain of the surfactants. Brij 35 and Tween 80 inhibited the growth of P. putida. However, microorganisms can utilize Triton X-100 and Brij 30 as the sole carbon and energy sources at concentrations above CMC values. In the aqueous system without the addition of surfactants, microorganisms could mineralize [14C]pyrene to 14CO(2) which corresponds to 28% of mineralization. The addition of surfactants decreased the mineralization rate of pyrene. Also, the fraction of the micellar-phase pyrene that can be directly biodegraded decreased as the concentration of micelle increases. However, the mineralization rate can be enhanced by the amendment of Brij 30 when soil was applied to the cultures. This suggests that biodegradable surfactants can be applicable for increasing the bioavailability and mineralization of PAHs in soil systems.
研究了在添加不同表面活性剂的土壤系统中多环芳烃（PAHs）的增溶和矿化作用。添加[14C]芘进行矿化实验。研究了PAH降解微生物恶臭假单胞菌对四种不同聚氧乙烯（POE）链长的非离子表面活性剂和一种阴离子表面活性剂的敏感性。结果发现，添加表面活性剂可提高萘、菲和芘的生物可利用性，效率分别为21.1%至60.6%、33.3%至62.8%和26.8%至70.9%。增溶效率顺序为Brij 30、Triton X-100、吐温80和Brij 35，这与表面活性剂的聚氧乙烯链相关。Brij 35和吐温80抑制了恶臭假单胞菌的生长。然而，当浓度高于临界胶束浓度（CMC）值时，微生物可以将Triton X-100和Brij 30作为唯一的碳源和能源。在不添加表面活性剂的水体系中，微生物可将[14C]芘矿化为14CO(2)，矿化率为28%。添加表面活性剂降低了芘的矿化速率。此外，随着胶束浓度的增加，可直接生物降解的胶束相芘的比例降低。然而，当将土壤添加到培养物中时，添加Brij 30可提高矿化速率。这表明可生物降解的表面活性剂可用于提高土壤系统中PAHs的生物可利用性和矿化作用。
