Shaw D D
Chromosoma. 1976 Feb 23;54(3):221-43. doi: 10.1007/BF00293452.
The genus Caledia acontains two species. C. species nova 1 is restricted to the Oriomo Plateau of S. W. Papua and has a complement of twelve telocentric chromosomes. The second species C. captiva has a much wider distribution pattern--from S.W. Papua in the North, down the entire Eastern seaboard of Australia to Southern Victoria. It is also found in the Northern Territory. Although the chromosome number is the same as C. species nova 1, four major and distinct chromosomal races can be distinguished in C. captiva.--The basic "ancestral" race is found in Tropical North Queensland at the base of the Cape York Peninsula. All twelve chromosomes are telocentric and the karyotypic organization is similar to that found in C. species nova 1 and in other Acridines. A second, "general purpose" karyotypic race has a wide distribution between S. W. Papua, Arnhem Land and the East Australian coast as far South as Brisbane. It is considered a derivative form of the "ancestral" type and is fixed for small pericentric inversions on seven pairs of chromosomes. In the South-Eastern Queensland region there exists a further race which carries large pericentric inversions on all the autosomes and the X chromosome. The situation here is confounded since the basic chromosomes can be represented as either acro- or telocentrics. Various levels of polymorphism for the inversions exist between different chromosomes in different populations indicating considerable differentiation within this zone. This race is almost completely surrounded by the "general purpose" karyotype where the races are contiguous in certain parts of the range.--The South-Eastern corner of Australia is characterised by a chromosome race quite different from those found further North. Here a complex pericentric inversion system exists involving a series of seven small inversions and larger inversions on chromosomes 1, 2, 4 and 10. Chromosomes 2 and 4, in particular, are highly polymorphic.--The presence and persistence of these 4 chromosomal races can be accounted for in terms of the known climatic changes which have occured in this region in the recent past.
卡莱迪亚属包含两个物种。新物种1局限于西南巴布亚的奥里莫高原，有12条端着丝粒染色体。第二个物种卡普蒂瓦分布范围更广——从北部的西南巴布亚，沿着澳大利亚整个东海岸一直到维多利亚南部。在北领地也有发现。尽管其染色体数目与新物种1相同，但在卡普蒂瓦中可区分出四个主要且不同的染色体族。——基本的“祖先”族位于约克角半岛底部的北昆士兰热带地区。所有12条染色体都是端着丝粒的，核型组织与新物种1及其他蝗科昆虫中的相似。第二个“通用”核型族在西南巴布亚、阿纳姆地和东澳大利亚海岸一直到布里斯班以南广泛分布。它被认为是“祖先”类型的衍生形式，在七对染色体上固定有小的近着丝粒倒位。在昆士兰东南部地区存在另一个族，其所有常染色体和X染色体上都有大的近着丝粒倒位。这里的情况较为复杂，因为基本染色体可表现为近端着丝粒或端着丝粒。不同种群的不同染色体之间存在不同程度的倒位多态性，表明该区域内有相当大的分化。这个族几乎完全被“通用”核型包围，在某些区域两者相邻。——澳大利亚东南角的特点是有一个与更北部发现的染色体族截然不同的染色体族。这里存在一个复杂的近着丝粒倒位系统，涉及1、2、4和10号染色体上的一系列七个小倒位和更大的倒位。特别是2号和4号染色体高度多态。——这四个染色体族的存在和持续存在可以根据该地区近期发生的已知气候变化来解释。
