Kohlmann B, Nix H, Shaw D D
Population Genetics Group, Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, P.O. Box 475, 2601, Canberra, A.C.T., Australia.
Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies, Australian National University, Australia.
Oecologia. 1988 May;75(4):483-493. doi: 10.1007/BF00776409.
Correlations between environmental parameters and the distribution of four chromosomal taxa in the acridine grasshopperCaledia captiva (F.) have been analyzed. A bioclimate prediction system (BIOCLIM) was used as a model to determine their bioclimatic envelopes and to predict their probable geographic distributions, based on climatic similarities with actual distributions. New, and formerly unsuspected, distribution areas are predicted. Parapatric boundaries are defined that actually coincide with known limits. The general distribution of the four taxa is correlated with rainfall seasonality and a temperature gradient. Their distributional boundaries are mostly in accordance with extreme values in rainfall in an east-west direction and temperature in a north-south direction. A nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis of one selected narrow parapatric boundary confirms the nature of the geographic correlation with several climatic extreme values. The climatic and vegetation analyses suggest that sharp parapatric distributions can be maintained by gradual environmental influences and that coincidence with abrupt ecotones is not necessary. At least one of the parapatric boundaries seems to be relatively recent in origin (2000-6000 years) and on the basis of the location of extreme climatic values as well as chromosomal and genetic markers it is expected to slowly move further south and east of its present location apparently following a climatically established boundary.
分析了环境参数与棘胫蝗（Caledia captiva (F.)）中四个染色体类群分布之间的相关性。基于与实际分布的气候相似性，使用生物气候预测系统（BIOCLIM）作为模型来确定它们的生物气候包络，并预测它们可能的地理分布。预测了新的、以前未被怀疑的分布区域。定义了实际与已知界限相符的邻域边界。四个类群的总体分布与降雨季节性和温度梯度相关。它们的分布边界大多与东西方向的降雨极值和南北方向的温度极值一致。对一个选定的狭窄邻域边界进行的非度量多维标度分析证实了与几个气候极值的地理相关性。气候和植被分析表明，逐渐的环境影响可以维持明显的邻域分布，不一定与突然的生态交错带重合。至少有一个邻域边界似乎起源相对较新（2000 - 6000年），基于极端气候值以及染色体和遗传标记的位置，预计它将明显沿着气候确定的边界缓慢地进一步向其当前位置的南部和东部移动。
