Chandrawathani Panchacharam, Jamnah Omar, Waller Peter John, Höglund Johan, Larsen Michael, Zahari Wan Mohammed
Veterinary Research Institute, 59 Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, 31400 Ipoh, Malaysia.
Vet Res. 2002 Nov-Dec;33(6):685-96. doi: 10.1051/vetres:2002049.
Approximately 2,800 fresh dung samples from animals, mainly ruminant livestock, were screened for the presence of nematophagous fungi in Malaysia. Arthrobotrys spp. was noted on numerous occasions, but only one isolate of Duddingtonia flagrans was made. For the purposes of producing sufficient quantities of this fungus for feeding trials in sheep, various, commonly available, cheap plant materials were tested as possible growth substrates. This showed that cereal grains (wheat, millet and rice) were the best media for fungal growth. Pen feeding trials were carried out using sheep, both naturally and experimentally infected with nematode parasites (predominantely Haemonchus contortus), to test the efficiency of D. flagrans when administered either in a grain supplement, or incorporated into a feed block. These showed that the fungus survived gut passage in sheep and that dose rates of approximately 1 x 10(6) D. flagrans spores / animal / day, reduced the percentage of infective larvae developing in faecal cultures by more than 90%. These results indicate that using D. flagrans as a biological control agent of nematode parasites, is a promising alternative to nematode parasite control of small ruminants in Malaysia, where anthelmintic resistance is now a major problem.
在马来西亚，对大约2800份主要来自反刍家畜的新鲜动物粪便样本进行了捕食线虫真菌的筛查。多次发现节丛孢属真菌，但仅分离出一株达丁顿草菌。为了生产足够数量的这种真菌用于绵羊的饲养试验，对各种常见的廉价植物材料作为可能的生长基质进行了测试。结果表明，谷物（小麦、小米和大米）是真菌生长的最佳培养基。使用自然感染和实验感染线虫寄生虫（主要是捻转血矛线虫）的绵羊进行围栏饲养试验，以测试达丁顿草菌在添加到谷物补充剂中或制成饲料块时的效果。结果表明，该真菌在绵羊肠道中存活，并且每天每只动物大约1×10⁶个达丁顿草菌孢子的剂量率，可使粪便培养物中发育的感染性幼虫百分比降低90%以上。这些结果表明，在马来西亚，驱虫抗性现已成为一个主要问题的情况下，使用达丁顿草菌作为线虫寄生虫的生物防治剂，是小型反刍动物线虫寄生虫防治的一个有前景替代方法。
