Jakovljevic Jelena, Touillaud Marina S, Bondy Melissa L, Singletary S Eva, Pillow Patricia C, Chang Shine
Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2002 Sep;75(1):5-14. doi: 10.1023/a:1016588629495.
Although a wealth of research has focused on the influence of diet on breast cancer risk, the relationships between dietary factors and tumor characteristics of breast cancer, like estrogen receptor (ER) status, are not well characterized. In a case-case study, we evaluated self-reported dietary intake for five individual carotenoids, selected fatty acids, and cholesterol 1 year before diagnosis in 34 premenopausal breast cancer patients with ER-negative tumors and 86 premenopausal breast cancer patients with ER-positive tumors from The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center. In multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, and ethnicity, high intakes of linoleic acid were associated with more than a threefold greater risk of ER-negative disease than ER-positive disease (odds ratio (OR) = 3.48, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.42-8.54), whereas high cholesterol intake was associated with lower risk of ER-negative disease (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.14-0.92). In a model evaluating carotenoids, selected fatty acids, and cholesterol together, the association with high intake of linoleic acid remained statistically significant (OR = 3.96,95% CI = 1.53-10.25), while those for high intake of cholesterol (OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.14-1.03) and low intake of cryptoxanthin (OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.17-1.06) were of marginal significance. While no striking associations were observed for the intakes of total carotenoids, selected fatty acids, and cholesterol, our analysis revealed an association for the consumption of a specific fatty acid (i.e., linoleic acid), suggesting dietary influence of this factor on ER status in premenopausal breast cancer patients. However, larger studies are needed to clarify the role of micronutrients in ER status in breast cancer.
尽管大量研究聚焦于饮食对乳腺癌风险的影响，但饮食因素与乳腺癌肿瘤特征（如雌激素受体（ER）状态）之间的关系尚未得到充分阐明。在一项病例对照研究中，我们评估了得克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心34例ER阴性肿瘤的绝经前乳腺癌患者和86例ER阳性肿瘤的绝经前乳腺癌患者在诊断前1年自我报告的5种个体类胡萝卜素、选定脂肪酸和胆固醇的饮食摄入量。在针对年龄、体重指数和种族进行调整的多因素逻辑回归分析中，与ER阳性疾病相比，高亚油酸摄入量与ER阴性疾病风险高出三倍以上相关（比值比（OR）= 3.48，95%置信区间（CI）= 1.42 - 8.54），而高胆固醇摄入量与ER阴性疾病风险较低相关（OR = 0.35，95%CI = 0.14 - 0.92）。在一个共同评估类胡萝卜素、选定脂肪酸和胆固醇的模型中，高亚油酸摄入量的关联仍具有统计学意义（OR = 3.96，95%CI = 1.53 - 10.25），而高胆固醇摄入量（OR = 0.38，95%CI = 0.14 - 1.03）和低隐黄质摄入量（OR = 0.43，95%CI = 0.17 - 1.06）的关联具有边际显著性。虽然未观察到总类胡萝卜素、选定脂肪酸和胆固醇摄入量有显著关联，但我们的分析揭示了一种特定脂肪酸（即亚油酸）的消费关联，表明该因素对绝经前乳腺癌患者的ER状态有饮食影响。然而，需要更大规模的研究来阐明微量营养素在乳腺癌ER状态中的作用。
