Lindström Martin, Sundquist Jan
Department of Community Health, University Hospital MAS, Lund University, S 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
Eur J Public Health. 2002 Dec;12(4):287-94. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/12.4.287.
The aim was to investigate ethnic differences in daily smoking in Malmö, Sweden, and whether these differences could be explained by psychosocial and economic conditions.
The public health survey in Malmö 1994 is a cross-sectional study. A total of 5,600 individuals aged 20-80 years were randomly chosen to respond to a postal questionnaire. The participation rate was 71%. The study population was divided into seven categories according to country of birth; Sweden, Denmark/Norway, other Western countries, former Yugoslavia, Poland, Arabic-speaking countries and all other countries. A multivariate analysis was performed using a logistic regression model in order to investigate the importance of possible confounders on the ethnic differences in daily smoking. Finally, variables measuring social network, social support and economic conditions were introduced.
The prevalence of daily smoking was significantly higher among both men and women born in Denmark/Norway (39.1% and 37.0%), men born in other Western countries (32.9%), Poland (34.0%) and Arabic-speaking countries (36.4%) than among Swedish men (21.7%) and women (23.8%). Women born in Arabic-speaking countries had a significantly lower smoking prevalence (7.1%). The multivariate analysis, including age, education and snuff, did not affect these results. A reduction of the odds ratio of daily smoking was observed for men born in Arabic-speaking countries and Poland after the introduction of the psychosocial and economic factors in the model. Only small changes were observed for women.
There were significant ethnic group differences in daily smoking. Psychosocial and economic conditions in Sweden may be of importance in some ethnic groups.
目的是调查瑞典马尔默市日常吸烟的种族差异，以及这些差异是否可以用心理社会和经济状况来解释。
1994年马尔默市的公共卫生调查是一项横断面研究。总共随机选择了5600名年龄在20 - 80岁之间的个体来回复一份邮政问卷。参与率为71%。研究人群根据出生国家分为七类：瑞典、丹麦/挪威、其他西方国家、前南斯拉夫、波兰、说阿拉伯语的国家和所有其他国家。使用逻辑回归模型进行多变量分析，以调查可能的混杂因素对日常吸烟种族差异的重要性。最后，引入了测量社会网络、社会支持和经济状况的变量。
出生在丹麦/挪威的男性（39.1%）和女性（37.0%）、出生在其他西方国家的男性（32.9%）、波兰（34.0%）和说阿拉伯语国家的男性（36.4%）的日常吸烟患病率显著高于瑞典男性（21.7%）和女性（23.8%）。出生在说阿拉伯语国家的女性吸烟患病率显著较低（7.1%）。包括年龄、教育程度和鼻烟使用情况在内的多变量分析并未影响这些结果。在模型中引入心理社会和经济因素后，观察到出生在说阿拉伯语国家和波兰的男性日常吸烟的优势比有所降低。女性仅观察到微小变化。
日常吸烟存在显著的种族差异。瑞典的心理社会和经济状况在某些种族群体中可能很重要。
