Straub Diane M, Hills Nancy K, Thompson Pamela J, Moscicki Anna Barbara
Division of Adolescent Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2003 Jan;32(1):36-43. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(02)00451-2.
To determine the effects of pro- and anti-tobacco advertising on nonsmoking adolescents' intention to smoke in a single cohort.
All ninth graders at seven public high schools were invited to participate in a study on adolescent tobacco use; 59.0% participated (n = 1229; active positive parental consent required). Adolescents who self-identified as never having smoked even a puff of a cigarette (n = 512) completed a self-administered questionnaire that included questions on intention to smoke in the near future and tobacco advertising. Independent variables used to predict intention included exposure to, recognition of, and receptivity and attitudes toward pro-tobacco and anti-tobacco advertising. Potential confounding variables included gender, race/ethnicity, smoking influences (adult household members, siblings, and friends), socioeconomic status, stress, and depression. Data analysis used logistic regression.
50.5% female, average age 14.9 +/- 0.4 years old at baseline, and varied race. Those variables found to be significant predictors of intention to smoke included: (positive, or increased intention) recognition of brand of favorite advertisement, willingness to use or wear tobacco-branded products, stress, and having friends who smoke and (negative, or decreased intention) agreement with anti-tobacco advertising and having a live-in father who smokes.
Although anti-tobacco advertising has a protective effect, it was unable to counteract the effects of pro-tobacco advertising in the same cohort.
在单一队列中确定支持和反对烟草的广告对不吸烟青少年吸烟意愿的影响。
邀请七所公立高中的所有九年级学生参与一项关于青少年烟草使用的研究；59.0%的学生参与了研究（n = 1229；需要获得家长积极的书面同意）。自认为从未吸过哪怕一口烟的青少年（n = 512）完成了一份自填式问卷，其中包括关于近期吸烟意愿和烟草广告的问题。用于预测意愿的自变量包括接触支持烟草和反对烟草广告的情况、对这些广告的认知、接受程度和态度。潜在的混杂变量包括性别、种族/族裔、吸烟影响因素（成年家庭成员、兄弟姐妹和朋友）、社会经济地位、压力和抑郁。数据分析采用逻辑回归。
50.5%为女性，基线时平均年龄为14.9±0.4岁，种族多样。那些被发现是吸烟意愿显著预测因素的变量包括：（积极的，或意愿增加）对最喜欢的广告品牌的认知、愿意使用或穿戴烟草品牌产品、压力以及有吸烟的朋友；（消极的，或意愿降低）对反对烟草广告的认同以及有一位同居的吸烟父亲。
尽管反对烟草的广告有保护作用，但在同一队列中它无法抵消支持烟草广告的影响。
