Hobbs K E, Muir D C G, Born E W, Dietz R, Haug T, Metcalfe T, Metcalfe C, Oien N
National Water Research Institute, Environment Canada, Burlington, ON, Canada L7R 4A6.
Environ Pollut. 2003;121(2):239-52. doi: 10.1016/s0269-7491(02)00218-x.
Regional variation in PCBs and organochlorine (OC) pesticide concentrations was examined using the blubber of 155 minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) sampled in seven regions in the North Atlantic and European Arctic, including western and southeastern Greenland, the Norwegian Sea, the North Sea and the Barents Sea. The levels and relative proportions of OCs were also used to examine the boundaries for North Atlantic minke whale stocks previously defined by the International Whaling Commission (IWC). Concentrations of major OC groups (sigmaPCB, 89.1-22 800 ng/g lipid; sigmaDDT, 65.3-6280 ng/g lipid; sigmaCHL, 33.3-2110 ng/g lipid) generally increased from west to east, while HCH concentrations (sigmaHCH, < 1-497 ng/g lipid) showed the opposite trend. Statistical comparison between six regions using sex-adjusted least squared mean concentrations showed that minke whales from the Barents Sea had significantly higher concentrations of EPCBs than those from the Vestfjorden/Lofoten, the North Sea, and west Svalbard, as well as significantly higher sigmaDDT concentrations compared to west Greenland animals. The differences in concentrations suggest that west and southeast Greenland minkes may represent one group of whales, which are distinct from both the Jan Mayen minkes and those from other IWC defined stocks in northern European waters. Principal components analysis using proportions of 71 PCB congeners and 20 OC pesticides (of total OCs) did not reveal any major differences among groups although minkes from the North Sea were distinguished from those from Greenland waters by higher loadings of more highly chlorinated PCBs and recalcitrant OC pesticides. The general similarity in mean levels of sigmaPCBs, sigmaDDT and sigmaCHL, as well as mean principal components analysis scores, among minkes sampled at Jan Mayen, Svalbard, Vestfjorden/Lofoten, the North Sea and the Barents Sea suggests that the whales are quite mobile and may feed in multiple areas within the northeastern Atlantic.
利用在北大西洋和欧洲北极地区七个区域（包括格陵兰岛西部和东南部、挪威海、北海和巴伦支海）采集的155头小须鲸（Balaenoptera acutorostrata）的鲸脂，研究了多氯联苯（PCBs）和有机氯（OC）农药浓度的区域差异。有机氯化合物的含量和相对比例也被用于研究国际捕鲸委员会（IWC）先前划定的北大西洋小须鲸种群的边界。主要有机氯化合物组的浓度（总多氯联苯，89.1 - 22800纳克/克脂质；总滴滴涕，65.3 - 6280纳克/克脂质；总氯丹，33.3 - 2110纳克/克脂质）总体上从西向东增加，而六氯环己烷浓度（总六氯环己烷，< 1 - 497纳克/克脂质）呈现相反趋势。使用性别调整后的最小二乘平均浓度对六个区域进行的统计比较表明，来自巴伦支海的小须鲸体内的总多氯联苯浓度显著高于来自韦斯特峡湾/罗弗敦群岛、北海和斯瓦尔巴德群岛西部的小须鲸，并且与西格陵兰岛的动物相比，总滴滴涕浓度也显著更高。浓度差异表明，格陵兰岛西部和东南部的小须鲸可能代表一类鲸鱼，它们与扬马延岛的小须鲸以及北欧水域其他国际捕鲸委员会划定种群的小须鲸都不同。使用71种多氯联苯同系物和20种有机氯农药（占总有机氯化合物的比例）进行的主成分分析没有揭示出各群体之间的任何主要差异，尽管北海的小须鲸与格陵兰岛水域的小须鲸相比，更多高氯多氯联苯和难降解有机氯农药的负荷更高。在扬马延岛、斯瓦尔巴德群岛、韦斯特峡湾/罗弗敦群岛、北海和巴伦支海采集的小须鲸中，总多氯联苯、总滴滴涕和总氯丹的平均水平以及主成分分析平均得分的总体相似性表明，这些鲸鱼具有很强的流动性，可能在东北大西洋的多个区域觅食。
