Warden Craig R, Zibulewsky Joseph, Mace Sharon, Gold Claudia, Gausche-Hill Marianne
Department of Emergency Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University/Doernbecher Children's Hospital, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
Ann Emerg Med. 2003 Feb;41(2):215-22. doi: 10.1067/mem.2003.48.
Febrile seizures are the most common seizures seen in children younger than 5 years old. Out-of-hospital and emergency department providers need to be familiar with the principles of the evaluation and management of this common disorder. Most febrile seizures are brief, do not require any specific treatment or extensive workup, and have a benign prognosis. Recognizing the pattern of a simple febrile seizure in young children is important to limit interventions and to reassure parents. Patients with febrile seizures are not at higher risk for serious bacterial illnesses than similarly aged febrile patients. Excluding meningitis and encephalitis are the primary clinical interventions through a thorough history and physical examination and, occasionally, a lumbar puncture. Reassuring parents of patients with febrile seizures and arranging primary care follow-up are important roles for the emergency physician.
热性惊厥是5岁以下儿童最常见的惊厥类型。院外及急诊科医护人员需要熟悉这种常见病症的评估和管理原则。大多数热性惊厥发作短暂，无需任何特殊治疗或全面检查，且预后良好。识别幼儿单纯性热性惊厥的发作模式对于限制干预措施及安抚家长很重要。热性惊厥患儿发生严重细菌性疾病的风险并不高于同龄发热患儿。通过全面的病史采集和体格检查，偶尔进行腰椎穿刺，以排除脑膜炎和脑炎，是主要的临床干预措施。向热性惊厥患儿的家长提供安慰并安排初级保健随访，是急诊医生的重要职责。
