Turhanoğlu S, Kararmaz A, Ozyilmaz M A, Kaya S, Tok D
Dicle University Hospital, Department of Anaesthesiology, Diyarbakir, Turkey.
Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2003 Jan;20(1):56-60. doi: 10.1017/s0265021503000103.
A need exists for a safe and effective oral preanaesthetic medication for use in children undergoing elective surgery. The study sought to define the dose of oral ketamine that would facilitate induction of anaesthesia without causing significant side-effects.
We studied 80 children undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia who received oral ketamine 4, 6 or 8 mg kg(-1) in a prospective, randomized, double-blind placebo controlled study. We compared the reaction to separation from parents, transport to the operating room, the response to intravenous cannula insertion and application of an anaesthetic facemask, the induction of anaesthesia and recovery from anaesthesia.
In the group receiving ketamine 8 mg kg(-1), the children were significantly calmer than those of the other groups, and anaesthesia induction was more comfortable. Recovery from anaesthesia was longer in the group receiving ketamine 8 mg kg(-1) compared with the other groups, but no differences between the groups were observed after 2 h in the recovery room.
It is concluded that oral ketamine 8 mg kg(-1) is an effective oral premedication in inpatient children undergoing elective surgery.
对于接受择期手术的儿童，需要一种安全有效的口服麻醉前用药。本研究旨在确定能促进麻醉诱导且不引起明显副作用的口服氯胺酮剂量。
我们在一项前瞻性、随机、双盲、安慰剂对照研究中，对80例接受全身麻醉下择期手术的儿童给予4、6或8 mg/kg的口服氯胺酮。我们比较了患儿与父母分离时的反应、转运至手术室的情况、对静脉置管和使用麻醉面罩的反应、麻醉诱导和麻醉苏醒情况。
接受8 mg/kg氯胺酮的组中，患儿比其他组明显更平静，麻醉诱导更舒适。与其他组相比，接受8 mg/kg氯胺酮的组麻醉苏醒时间更长，但在恢复室2小时后各组之间未观察到差异。
得出结论，8 mg/kg的口服氯胺酮对接受择期手术的住院儿童是一种有效的口服术前用药。
