Li Zhongwu, Cai Qiangguo, Tang Zhenghong, Wu Shu'an, Wang Hong
Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao. 2002 Sep;13(9):1174-8.
Within agricultural ecosystems the interaction between crop and surroundings is quite complicated. In order to know the feedbacks of crop to surroundings in agricultural ecosystem, a research on crop productivity model is becoming important. This paper discussed the backgrounds of the emergency of crop productivity model, thinking that the crop productivity model was a means which could be used to simulate growth process by mathematical ways and computer technology, and analyzed the physiology of crop growth and the correlation between crop and surroundings. At the same time, it discussed four phases of crop productivity model developing, including infancy, youth, adolescent and maturity. Secondly, the paper summarized the crop productivity model's function of agricultural eco-environment protection from three aspects, including scientific research, management of crop, and analysis of agricultural decision, and discussed the disadvantages of crop productivity model. The disadvantages embodied in three facets: 1) though the simple crop productivity model could be used easily in practice, its regional adaptiability was too weak; 2) complicated crop productivity model had too much parameters to obtain, which made it difficult to use in practice; 3) the inconsistency of basic data format in different research areas also made the model's regional adaptability too weak. It's indicated in this paper that the establishment of universal and uniform basic data format is favorable to the extension and application of crop productivity model in other regions. Geographic information system (GIS) was emerged in 1960, which has powerful functions of obtaining, depositing, managing and analyzing spatial data, and is useful to solve the problem of weakly regional adaptability. Meanwhile, friendly interface is favorable to the extension in common users. Finally, the paper discussed the combination of crop productivity model and geographic information system, summarized some researches on friendly interface of crop productivity model, and pointed out that the establishment of universal crop productivity model interface is the focus of the future.
在农业生态系统中，作物与周围环境之间的相互作用相当复杂。为了了解农业生态系统中作物对周围环境的反馈，对作物生产力模型的研究变得至关重要。本文讨论了作物生产力模型出现的背景，认为作物生产力模型是一种可通过数学方法和计算机技术来模拟生长过程的手段，并分析了作物生长的生理学以及作物与周围环境之间的相关性。同时，探讨了作物生产力模型发展的四个阶段，包括婴儿期、青年期、青春期和成熟期。其次，本文从科研、作物管理和农业决策分析三个方面总结了作物生产力模型在农业生态环境保护方面的作用，并讨论了作物生产力模型的缺点。这些缺点体现在三个方面：1）尽管简单的作物生产力模型在实践中易于使用，但其区域适应性太差；2）复杂的作物生产力模型有太多参数难以获取，这使其在实践中难以应用；3）不同研究领域基础数据格式的不一致也使得模型的区域适应性太差。本文指出，建立通用统一的基础数据格式有利于作物生产力模型在其他地区的推广和应用。地理信息系统（GIS）于1960年出现，它具有强大的获取、存储、管理和分析空间数据的功能，有助于解决区域适应性弱的问题。同时，友好的界面有利于在普通用户中推广。最后，本文讨论了作物生产力模型与地理信息系统的结合，总结了一些关于作物生产力模型友好界面的研究，并指出建立通用的作物生产力模型界面是未来的重点。
