Lorand Laszlo, Graham Robert M
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, 303 East Chicago Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2003 Feb;4(2):140-56. doi: 10.1038/nrm1014.
Blood coagulation, skin-barrier formation, hardening of the fertilization envelope, extracellular-matrix assembly and other important biological processes are dependent on the rapid generation of covalent crosslinks between proteins. These reactions--which are catalysed by transglutaminases--endow the resulting supramolecular structure with extra rigidity and resistance against proteolytic degradation. Some transglutaminases function as molecular switches in cytoskeletal scaffolding and modulate protein-protein interactions. Having knowledge of these enzymes is essential for understanding the aetiologies of diverse hereditary diseases of the blood and skin, and various autoimmune, inflammatory and degenerative conditions.
血液凝固、皮肤屏障形成、受精膜硬化、细胞外基质组装以及其他重要的生物学过程都依赖于蛋白质之间快速形成共价交联。这些由转谷氨酰胺酶催化的反应赋予了所得超分子结构额外的刚性和抗蛋白水解降解能力。一些转谷氨酰胺酶在细胞骨架支架中起分子开关的作用，并调节蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。了解这些酶对于理解各种血液和皮肤遗传性疾病以及各种自身免疫性、炎症性和退行性疾病的病因至关重要。
