Elbasha Elamin H
US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta 30341, USA.
Health Econ. 2003 Feb;12(2):125-38. doi: 10.1002/hec.702.
Widespread use of antibiotics is considered the major driving force behind the development of antibiotic resistance. The benefits of exceeding the welfare-maximizing level of antibiotic use are below the costs of resistance created by this excess quantity of antibiotics used, thereby resulting in a welfare deadweight loss. This paper uses a simple economic model to examine the theoretical and empirical aspects of the welfare loss generated by resistance and analyzes its policy implications. The annual deadweight loss associated with outpatient prescriptions for amoxicillin in the United States is estimated at US dollars 225 million.
抗生素的广泛使用被认为是抗生素耐药性发展背后的主要驱动力。超过福利最大化抗生素使用水平的益处低于因过量使用抗生素而产生的耐药成本，从而导致福利无谓损失。本文使用一个简单的经济模型来研究耐药性产生的福利损失的理论和实证方面，并分析其政策含义。据估计，美国阿莫西林门诊处方每年造成的无谓损失为2.25亿美元。
