三种抗蛇毒血清对北美蛇毒的交叉反应性。

Cross reactivity of three antivenoms against North American snake venoms.

作者信息

Sánchez Elda E, Ramírez María Susana, Galán Jacob A, López Gonzalo, Rodríguez-Acosta Alexis, Pérez John C

机构信息

Department of Biology, Natural Toxins Research Center (NTRC), Texas A&M University-Kingsville, MSC 158, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA.

出版信息

Toxicon. 2003 Mar 1;41(3):315-20. doi: 10.1016/s0041-0101(02)00293-3.

DOI:10.1016/s0041-0101(02)00293-3

PMID:12565754

Abstract

The antivenom in the United States today is in short supply, expensive and may not even be the most effective in neutralizing venoms from snakes in certain geographical locations. The ED(50) is considered to be the best indicator of antivenom efficacy, however, other tests are needed. In this study, three antivenoms (Antivipmyn (Fab(2)H), Crotalidae Polyvalent Immune Fab (Ovine) (FabO) and UCV (FabV) were used to test the effectiveness of neutralization of eight venoms (Agkistrodon piscivorus piscivorus, Bothrops asper, Crotalus adamanteus, C. durissus durissus, C. horridus atricaudatus, C. h. horridus, C. atrox, and C. molossus molossus). Four different assays were used to study the efficacy of the antivenoms: the antihemorrhagic, antigelatinase, antifibrinolytic and antihide powder azure. Fab(2)H antivenom was more effective in neutralizing the enzymatic activities of these eight venoms than FabO and FabV antivenoms.

摘要

如今美国的抗蛇毒血清供应短缺、价格昂贵，在某些地理位置甚至可能并非中和蛇毒最有效的药物。半数有效剂量（ED50）被认为是抗蛇毒血清疗效的最佳指标，不过，还需要其他检测方法。在本研究中，使用了三种抗蛇毒血清（抗蝰蛇毒血清（Fab(2)H）、多价抗响尾蛇科免疫羊Fab片段（FabO）和UCV（FabV））来测试对八种蛇毒（食鱼蝮、矛头蝮、东部菱斑响尾蛇、杜氏响尾蛇、南部猪鼻蛇、北部猪鼻蛇、西部菱斑响尾蛇和墨西哥太平洋响尾蛇）的中和效果。采用了四种不同的检测方法来研究抗蛇毒血清的疗效：抗出血、抗明胶酶、抗纤维蛋白溶解和抗皮粉天青检测。Fab(2)H抗蛇毒血清在中和这八种蛇毒的酶活性方面比FabO和FabV抗蛇毒血清更有效。