Gersten J C, Friis R, Langner T S
Am J Epidemiol. 1976 Mar;103(3):333-41. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112231.
This study examines the degree to which job and marital satisfaction and participation in leisure activities could predict concurrent and future health status relative to ethnicity, class and occupational factors, and mental health. Data were obtained from a longitudinal study of a random sample of 1034 Manhattan families with at least one child 6 to 18 years of age. The wives in these families were interviewed twice at 5-year intervals. Multiple regression analyses, using variables abstracted from the records of 640 wives of working husbands, indicated that husbands' health status at Time I (R = .33) and Time II, 5 years later (R = .28) was significantly predicted by the Time I assessments on 12 independent variables. The largest single unique contributor, i.e. net of all other independent variables, to concurrent husband's health was job dissatisfaction (partial r = .15), followed by husband's institutionalization for mental illness (r = .14), being Spanish (r = .10), and the factor of Unhappy Marriage (r = .09). This preliminary investigation indicated that uncertain life satisfactions were important predictors for either concurrent or future health status which operated across class, ethnic, occupational and mental health factors. These findings tend to support models which postulate stressful psychosocial conditions as potential etiologic agents in the development of illness.
本研究考察了工作满意度、婚姻满意度以及参与休闲活动在何种程度上能够相对于种族、阶层、职业因素和心理健康状况预测当下及未来的健康状况。数据取自一项对1034个有至少一名6至18岁孩子的曼哈顿家庭的随机样本进行的纵向研究。这些家庭中的妻子每隔5年接受两次访谈。对从640名有工作的丈夫的妻子的记录中提取的变量进行的多元回归分析表明，在时间I（R = 0.33）以及5年后的时间II（R = 0.28）时，丈夫的健康状况通过对12个自变量的时间I评估得到了显著预测。对当下丈夫健康状况而言，最大的单一独特贡献因素，即排除所有其他自变量后，是工作不满意（偏相关系数r = 0.15），其次是丈夫因精神疾病住院（r = 0.14）、为西班牙裔（r = 0.10）以及婚姻不幸福因素（r = 0.09）。这项初步调查表明，不确定的生活满意度是当下或未来健康状况的重要预测因素，这些因素在阶层、种族、职业和心理健康因素中都有作用。这些发现倾向于支持将压力性心理社会状况假定为疾病发展中潜在病因的模型。
