Darriet F, N'Guessan R, Hougard J M, Traoré-Lamizana M, Carnevale P
Laboratoire de lutte contre les insectes nuisibles, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier, France.
Bull Soc Pathol Exot. 2002 Nov;95(4):299-303.
The following study analyses the potentialities of the experimental huts built in M'be Valley (Côte d'Ivoire) where the evaluations of the insecticide products have been carried out for many years in line with the WHOPES protocol on the methodology of stage 2 assays. Starting a testing station first requires a good knowledge of the sensitivity of Anopheles gambiae to the main insecticide families. Then thanks to the experimental huts the efficacy of the various means of treatment can be compared with the one in untreated huts; this study focuses on house spraying using 100 mg a.i./m2 and bednets impregnated with lambda-cyhalothrin at a dose of 15 mg a.i./m2. The fipronil used in house spraying doesn't show any repellent effect, however it does have an irritating effect that increases the natural exophily of An. gambiae females entering the testing huts. The blood-feeding rate recorded in the treated huts was reduced to 24% and to 38% mortality rate consisting mainly of a 24 hours delayed mortality. The bednets treated with lambda-cyhalothrin have greatly reduced the contact between man and vector since the entry rate of An. gambiae females was cut down by 68% compared to the control. The exophily of this anopheles was twofold greater with the impregnated bednets and the blood-feeding rate reduced to 47%. Finally the global mortality rate, two thirds of immediate mortality, one third of delayed mortality, reached 35%. The experimental huts in the M'be Valley therefore provide essential information regarding the selection of the most efficacious insecticides against An. gambiae. This experimental method must be extended to other sites in order to finalize ever more selective and appropriate means of control against nuisance and disease-vector mosquitoes.
以下研究分析了在科特迪瓦的姆贝山谷建造的实验小屋的潜力，多年来一直按照世界卫生组织杀虫剂评价计划（WHOPES）第二阶段试验方法的协议对杀虫剂产品进行评估。建立一个测试站首先需要充分了解冈比亚按蚊对主要杀虫剂类别的敏感性。然后，借助实验小屋，可以将各种处理方法的效果与未处理小屋中的效果进行比较；本研究重点关注使用100毫克有效成分/平方米的室内喷洒以及用剂量为15毫克有效成分/平方米的氯氟氰菊酯浸渍的蚊帐。用于室内喷洒的氟虫腈没有任何驱避作用，然而它确实有刺激作用，会增加进入测试小屋的冈比亚按蚊雌蚊的自然外栖性。在经过处理的小屋中记录到的吸血率降至24%，死亡率为38%，主要是延迟24小时的死亡率。用氯氟氰菊酯处理的蚊帐大大减少了人与病媒之间的接触，因为与对照相比，冈比亚按蚊雌蚊的进入率降低了68%。使用浸渍蚊帐时，这种按蚊的外栖性增加了两倍，吸血率降至47%。最后，总体死亡率达到35%，其中三分之二为即时死亡率，三分之一为延迟死亡率。因此，姆贝山谷的实验小屋提供了关于选择对冈比亚按蚊最有效的杀虫剂的重要信息。必须将这种实验方法推广到其他地点，以便最终确定更具选择性和更合适的防制骚扰性和疾病传播蚊媒的方法。
