Martínez-Fernández E, Gil-Néciga E, Boza-García F, Montes E, Donaire A
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, España.
Rev Neurol. 2003;36(3):224-6.
Topographic disorientation is defined as the difficulty to find one s way in familiar surroundings. It can be due to an amnesic or agnostic like defect, which is known as topographic amnesia or agnosia. This disorder can give rise to disability in the life of the patient and may well go undetected unless a suitable neuropsychological study is conducted.
We report the cases of two patients with infarction in the territory of the right posterior cerebral artery who began with hemianopsia and topographic disorientation. One of the cases was due to a disorder affecting spatial memory and the other was caused by errors in visuospatial perception. The battery of tests for studying visuospatial perception VOSP was administered.
Occipital lesions are often associated with topographic disorientation, especially when it is the right hemisphere that is injured. It is important to detect this alteration, which makes the patient totally dependent on others even in his or her own home. The appearance of an amnesic or agnostic type disorientation can be related with a disorder affecting one of the two systems that play a part in the processing of visual data. A guided neuropsychological study can provide us with a great deal of information about the type of disorder presented by the patient.
地形定向障碍被定义为在熟悉的环境中难以找到方向。它可能是由于类似失忆或失认的缺陷，即所谓的地形性失忆或失认。这种障碍会导致患者生活出现残疾，并且很可能在未进行适当的神经心理学研究时未被发现。
我们报告了两例右侧大脑后动脉供血区梗死的患者，他们最初表现为偏盲和地形定向障碍。其中一例是由于影响空间记忆的疾病，另一例是由视觉空间感知错误引起的。对患者进行了用于研究视觉空间感知的VOSP测试组。
枕叶病变常与地形定向障碍相关，尤其是当右侧半球受损时。检测到这种改变很重要，因为它会使患者即使在自己家中也完全依赖他人。失忆或失认型定向障碍的出现可能与影响参与视觉数据处理的两个系统之一的疾病有关。有指导的神经心理学研究可以为我们提供大量有关患者所呈现疾病类型的信息。
