Oliveri M, Babiloni C, Filippi M M, Caltagirone C, Babiloni F, Cicinelli P, Traversa R, Palmieri M G, Rossini P M
Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.
Exp Brain Res. 2003 Mar;149(2):214-21. doi: 10.1007/s00221-002-1346-8. Epub 2003 Jan 25.
The stronger anatomo-functional connections of the supplementary motor area (SMA), as compared with premotor area (PM), with regions of the limbic system, suggest that SMA could play a role in the control of movements triggered by visual stimuli with emotional content. We addressed this issue by analysing the modifications of the excitability of the primary motor area (M1) in a group of seven healthy subjects, studied with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), after conditioning TMS of SMA, during emotional and non-emotional visually cued movements. Conditioning TMS of the PM or of contralateral primary motor cortex (cM1) were tested as control conditions. Single-pulse TMS over the left M1 was randomly intermingled with paired TMS, in which a conditioning stimulation of the left SMA, left PM or right M1 preceded test stimulation over the left M1. The subjects carried out movements in response to computerised visual cues (neutral pictures and pictures with negative emotional content). The amplitudes of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from the right first dorsal interosseous muscle after paired TMS were measured and compared with those obtained after single-pulse TMS of the left M1 under the various experimental conditions. Conditioning TMS of the SMA in the paired-pulse paradigm selectively enhanced MEP amplitudes in the visual-emotional triggered movement condition, compared with single-pulse TMS of M1 alone or with paired TMS during presentation of neutral visual cues. On the other hand, conditioning TMS of the PM or cM1 did not differentially influence MEP amplitudes under visual-emotional triggered movement conditions. This pattern of effects was related to the intensity of the conditioning TMS over the SMA, being most evident with intensities ranging from 110% to 80% of motor threshold. These results suggest that the SMA in humans could interface the limbic and the motor systems in the transformation of emotional experiences into motor actions.
与运动前区（PM）相比，辅助运动区（SMA）与边缘系统区域之间更强的解剖功能连接表明，SMA可能在控制由具有情感内容的视觉刺激引发的运动中发挥作用。我们通过分析一组七名健康受试者在情绪和非情绪视觉提示运动期间，对SMA进行条件性经颅磁刺激（TMS）后，初级运动区（M1）兴奋性的变化来解决这个问题。将对PM或对侧初级运动皮层（cM1）进行条件性TMS作为对照条件。对左侧M1的单脉冲TMS与双脉冲TMS随机混合，其中对左侧SMA、左侧PM或右侧M1的条件性刺激先于对左侧M1的测试刺激。受试者根据计算机化视觉提示（中性图片和具有负面情绪内容的图片）进行运动。测量在双脉冲TMS后从右侧第一背侧骨间肌记录的运动诱发电位（MEP）的幅度，并与在各种实验条件下左侧M1单脉冲TMS后获得的幅度进行比较。与单独的M1单脉冲TMS或在呈现中性视觉提示期间的双脉冲TMS相比，在双脉冲范式中对SMA进行条件性TMS在视觉情绪触发运动条件下选择性地增强了MEP幅度。另一方面，在视觉情绪触发运动条件下，对PM或cM1进行条件性TMS并没有差异地影响MEP幅度。这种效应模式与SMA上条件性TMS的强度有关，在运动阈值的110%至80%的强度范围内最为明显。这些结果表明，人类的SMA可能在将情感体验转化为运动行为的过程中连接边缘系统和运动系统。
