Bougatef Souha, Ben Romdhane Habiba, Haouala Habib, Ben Alaya Nissaf, Belhani Ali, Boujnah Rachid, Ben Slimane Lotfi, Kafsi Naceur, Kasri Riadh, Zaouali Mohsen, Achour Noureddine, Gueddiche Mohamed
U.R. Epidémiologie et Prévention des Maladies Cardiovasculaires en Tunisie.
Tunis Med. 2002 Jul;80(7):387-94.
The study objective was to assess the prevalence, level of treatment, and control of hypertension in CHDs patients. We conducted a cross-sectional survey on 1109 patients hospitalised for a first episode of MI in the main hospitals of the District of Tunis during the period 1999-2000. Hypertension and control level are defined according to the JNC recommendations. HBP is defined as SBP > = 140 and or DBP > = 90 mm Hg and the use of blood pressure-lowering medication for the indication of hypertension. Hypertension is controlled by medication if SBP < 140 and DBP < 90 mm Hg. We conduct analysis by socio demographic variables, medical history and CHDs risk factors. 54.9% men and 72.1% women were hypertensive. The prevalence of hypertension increases with age in both genders. The logistic regression have shown that the age-adjusted odds ratios were statically significant for diabetes, obesity, high cholestrolemia and cigarettes smoking. Only 68.9% of the hypertensive were aware of having hypertension, women were more aware than men (84.6% versus 61.7%, p < 0.001). Awareness increase with age and education level. Among hypertensive, 94.4% were treated but only 41.3% were controlled. The study highlights the problem of the hypertension, and contributes to identify the iceberg of this CHDs risk factor. An effort must be done to involve the health personnel for educating patients, the population for changing their life style and manager for enhancing the availability of drugs. The question is how much will be the cost of HBP and CVDs control for a country which has a limited resources.
该研究的目的是评估冠心病患者中高血压的患病率、治疗水平及控制情况。我们于1999年至2000年期间，在突尼斯市主要医院对1109例因首次心肌梗死住院的患者进行了横断面调查。高血压及控制水平依据美国国立卫生研究院联合委员会（JNC）的建议进行定义。高血压被定义为收缩压≥140和/或舒张压≥90毫米汞柱，以及因高血压指征而使用降压药物。若收缩压<140且舒张压<90毫米汞柱，则高血压通过药物得到控制。我们按社会人口统计学变量、病史及冠心病危险因素进行分析。54.9%的男性和72.1%的女性患有高血压。高血压患病率在两性中均随年龄增长而升高。逻辑回归显示，经年龄调整后的比值比在糖尿病、肥胖、高胆固醇血症及吸烟方面具有统计学显著性。只有68.9%的高血压患者知晓自己患有高血压，女性比男性知晓率更高（84.6%对61.7%，p<0.001）。知晓率随年龄和教育水平的提高而增加。在高血压患者中，94.4%接受了治疗，但只有41.3%得到了控制。该研究凸显了高血压问题，并有助于识别这一冠心病危险因素的冰山一角。必须做出努力，让卫生人员参与对患者的教育，让民众改变生活方式，让管理人员提高药物的可及性。问题在于，对于一个资源有限的国家而言，控制高血压和心血管疾病的成本将会是多少。
