Boyd J G, Skihar V, Kawaja M, Doucette R
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Anat Rec B New Anat. 2003 Mar;271(1):49-60. doi: 10.1002/ar.b.10011.
Olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) are the glial cells that ensheath the axons of the first cranial nerve. They are attracting increasing attention from neuroscientists as potential therapeutic agents for use in the repair of spinal cord injury and as a source of myelinating glia for use in remyelinating axons in demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. This review mainly addresses the cell biological aspects of OECs pertinent to addressing two questions. Namely, where do OECs fit into the groupings of central nervous system (CNS)/peripheral nervous system (PNS) glial cells and should OECs be viewed as a clinically relevant alternative to Schwann cells in the treatment of spinal cord injury? The evidence indicates that OECs are indeed a clinically relevant alternative to Schwann cells. However, much more work needs to be done before we can even come close to answering the first question as to the lineage and functional relationship of OECs to the other types of CNS and PNS glial cells.
嗅鞘细胞（OECs）是包裹第一对脑神经轴突的神经胶质细胞。作为用于修复脊髓损伤的潜在治疗剂以及用于在诸如多发性硬化症等脱髓鞘疾病中使轴突重新髓鞘化的髓鞘形成神经胶质细胞来源，它们正吸引着神经科学家越来越多的关注。本综述主要探讨与解决两个问题相关的嗅鞘细胞的细胞生物学方面。即，嗅鞘细胞在中枢神经系统（CNS）/外周神经系统（PNS）神经胶质细胞分组中处于何种位置，以及在脊髓损伤治疗中，嗅鞘细胞是否应被视为雪旺细胞在临床上的相关替代物？证据表明，嗅鞘细胞确实是雪旺细胞在临床上的相关替代物。然而，在我们甚至接近回答关于嗅鞘细胞与其他类型的中枢神经系统和外周神经系统神经胶质细胞的谱系和功能关系的第一个问题之前，还需要做更多的工作。
