Gardner James V, Dartnell Peter, Mayer Larry A, Hughes Clarke John E
US Geological Survey, MS 999, 345 Middlesfied Road, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.
Mar Environ Res. 2003 Jul-Aug;56(1-2):15-46. doi: 10.1016/S0141-1136(02)00323-9.
Santa Monica Bay was mapped in 1996 using a high-resolution multibeam system, providing the first substantial update of the submarine geomorphology since the initial compilation by Shepard and Emery [(1941) Geol. Soc. Amer. Spec. Paper 31]. The multibeam mapping generated not only high-resolution bathymetry, but also coregistered, calibrated acoustic backscatter at 95 kHz. The geomorphology has been subdivided into six provinces; shelf, marginal plateau, submarine canyon, basin slope, apron, and basin. The dimensions, gradients, and backscatter characteristics of each province is described and related to a combination of tectonics, climate, sea level, and sediment supply. Fluctuations of eustatic sea level have had a profound effect on the area; by periodically eroding the surface of Santa Monica plateau, extending the mouth of the Los Angeles River to various locations along the shelf break, and by connecting submarine canyons to rivers. A wetter glacial climate undoubtedly generated more sediment to the rivers that then transported the increased sediment load to the low-stand coastline and canyon heads. The trends of Santa Monica Canyon and several bathymetric highs suggest a complex tectonic stress field that has controlled the various segments. There is no geomorphic evidence to suggest Redondo Canyon is fault controlled. The San Pedro fault can be extended more than 30 km to the northwest by the alignment of a series of bathymetric highs and abrupt changes in direction of channel thalwegs.
圣莫尼卡湾于1996年使用高分辨率多波束系统进行了测绘，这是自谢泼德和埃默里最初编制地图[(1941年)美国地质学会专题论文31号]以来对海底地貌的首次重大更新。多波束测绘不仅生成了高分辨率测深图，还生成了95千赫的配准校准声学后向散射图。地貌已被细分为六个区域：陆架、边缘高原、海底峡谷、盆地斜坡、裙边和盆地。描述了每个区域的尺寸、坡度和后向散射特征，并将其与构造、气候、海平面和沉积物供应的组合相关联。海平面的波动对该地区产生了深远影响；通过周期性侵蚀圣莫尼卡高原表面，将洛杉矶河河口延伸到陆架断裂沿线的不同位置，并将海底峡谷与河流相连。更湿润的冰川气候无疑给河流带来了更多沉积物，这些沉积物随后将增加的沉积物负荷输送到低海平面海岸线和峡谷源头。圣莫尼卡峡谷和几个测深高点的趋势表明存在一个复杂的构造应力场，该应力场控制着各个部分。没有地貌证据表明雷东多峡谷受断层控制。通过一系列测深高点的排列和河道深泓线方向的突然变化，圣佩德罗断层可以向西北延伸超过30公里。
