Verheyen Erik, Salzburger Walter, Snoeks Jos, Meyer Axel
Vertebrate Department, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Vautierstraat 29, 1000 Brussels, Belgium.
Science. 2003 Apr 11;300(5617):325-9. doi: 10.1126/science.1080699. Epub 2003 Mar 20.
Lake Victoria harbors a unique species-rich flock of more than 500 endemic haplochromine cichlid fishes. The origin, age, and mechanism of diversification of this extraordinary radiation are still debated. Geological evidence suggests that the lake dried out completely about 14,700 years ago. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses of almost 300 DNA sequences of the mitochondrial control region of East African cichlids, we find that the Lake Victoria cichlid flock is derived from the geologically older Lake Kivu. We suggest that the two seeding lineages may have already been lake-adapted when they colonized Lake Victoria. A haplotype analysis further shows that the most recent desiccation of Lake Victoria did not lead to a complete extinction of its endemic cichlid fauna and that the major lineage diversification took place about 100,000 years ago.
维多利亚湖拥有一个独特的、物种丰富的鱼类种群，包含500多种地方性的丽鱼科慈鲷。这种非凡辐射的起源、年代及多样化机制仍存在争议。地质证据表明，该湖在约14,700年前完全干涸。基于对东非慈鲷线粒体控制区近300个DNA序列的系统发育分析，我们发现维多利亚湖慈鲷种群源自地质年代更久远的基伍湖。我们认为，这两个迁入谱系在殖民维多利亚湖时可能就已适应湖泊环境。单倍型分析进一步表明，维多利亚湖最近一次干涸并未导致其地方性慈鲷动物群完全灭绝，主要谱系多样化发生在约10万年前。
