Wachter R M
Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
J Legal Stud. 2001 Jun;30(2):615-23. doi: 10.1086/339296.
The hospitalist movement, in which a generalist physician assumes the physician-of-record role for hospitalized patients in place of the patients' own primary physician is transforming American hospital care. Studies, including those by David Meltzer, support the premise that hospitalist care is less expensive and possibly of higher quality than inpatient care provided by primary physicians. Meltzer's survey of randomly selected individuals indicates that, although many would prefer that their own physician orchestrate their inpatient care, relatively few would pay more than $100 for this privilege. This indicates that patient dissatisfaction with the hospitalist model is unlikely to impede its widespread implementation. Hospitalists are just the latest example of the ongoing tension between generalism and specialization in American medicine. The hospitalist--unlike most traditional medical specialists--is actually a generalist by nature whose specialty is defined by the the site of the care rather than by organ, disease, patient population, or procedure.
医院医师运动正在改变美国的医院护理模式。在该运动中,通科医生取代患者自己的初级医生,承担起住院患者的负责医生角色。包括大卫·梅尔策等人的研究支持了这样一个前提,即医院医师提供的护理比初级医生提供的住院护理成本更低,质量可能更高。梅尔策对随机挑选的个体进行的调查表明,尽管许多人更希望由自己的医生安排住院护理,但相对较少有人愿意为此特权支付超过100美元。这表明患者对医院医师模式的不满不太可能阻碍其广泛实施。医院医师只是美国医学中全科与专科之间持续紧张关系的最新例证。与大多数传统医学专科医生不同,医院医师本质上是通科医生,其专科是由护理地点定义的,而非由器官、疾病、患者群体或手术来定义。