Agerbirk Niels, Ørgaard Marian, Nielsen Jens Kvist
Chemistry Department, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Phytochemistry. 2003 May;63(1):69-80. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00750-1.
Glucosinolate content of leaves and roots, diversity in leaf pubescence, and resistance to two near-isogenic lines of the flea beetle Phyllotreta nemorum with or without an R-gene, were determined for 27 accessions of 7 Barbarea taxa, i.e. B. stricta, B. orthoceras, B. intermedia, B. verna, B. vulgaris var. vulgaris, the G-type of B. vulgaris var. arcuata and the P-type of B. vulgaris var. arcuata. Four variable glucosinolate biosynthetic characters were deduced. For (formally) homophenylalanine-derived glucosinolates: (1). Presence or absence of 2-hydroxylation, and if present, R- or S-configuration of 2-hydroxylation; (2). presence or absence of p-hydroxylation; and for tryptophan-derived glucosinolates: (3). presence or absence of N-methoxyglucobrassicin; and (4). presence or absence of 1,4-dimethoxyglucobrassicin. Three phenotypes of leaf-pubescence were observed; (1). glabrous to glabrate leaves; (2). glabrous to glabrate leaves with hairs along the edge; (3). pubescent leaves. The hairs were characterized as simple by scanning electron microscopy. Full resistance to a flea beetle line (ST) was found in B. vulgaris var. vulgaris and in the G-type of var. arcuata; partial resistance was found in B. verna and B. intermedia, while the remaining taxa were fully susceptible to the ST line. All investigated Barbarea taxa were susceptible to larvae from another line containing an R-gene, indicating a similar flea beetle resistance mechanism in the three resistant species. Most Barbarea taxa could be characterized by a particular combination of the investigated characters. The most aberrant was the P-type of B. vulgaris var. arcuata, and the taxonomic status of this type should be reconsidered.
测定了7种山芥属分类群（即狭叶山芥、直果山芥、中间山芥、春山芥、普通山芥普通变种、弓角山芥G型和弓角山芥P型）27个材料的叶片和根中硫代葡萄糖苷含量、叶毛被多样性以及对具有或不具有R基因的两种近等基因系跳甲（Phyllotreta nemorum）的抗性。推导了4个可变的硫代葡萄糖苷生物合成特征。对于（形式上）源自高苯丙氨酸的硫代葡萄糖苷：（1）. 2-羟基化的有无，若存在，2-羟基化的R或S构型；（2）. 对羟基化的有无；对于源自色氨酸的硫代葡萄糖苷：（3）. N-甲氧基葡糖芸苔素的有无；（4）. 1,4-二甲氧基葡糖芸苔素的有无。观察到三种叶毛被表型：（1）. 无毛至近无毛叶；（2）. 无毛至近无毛叶且边缘有毛；（3）. 有毛叶。通过扫描电子显微镜观察，这些毛为单毛。在普通山芥普通变种和弓角山芥G型中发现对一种跳甲品系（ST）完全抗性；在春山芥和中间山芥中发现部分抗性，而其余分类群对ST品系完全敏感。所有研究的山芥属分类群对另一个含有R基因品系的幼虫均敏感，表明这三个抗性物种具有相似的跳甲抗性机制。大多数山芥属分类群可以通过所研究特征的特定组合来表征。最异常的是弓角山芥P型，该类型的分类地位应重新考虑。
