Léonard Stéphanie, Steiger Howard, Kao Alina
Eating Disorders Program, Douglas Hospital, Verdun, Quebec, Canada.
Int J Eat Disord. 2003 May;33(4):397-405. doi: 10.1002/eat.10176.
We evaluated associations between childhood physical and sexual abuse in bulimic women and eating disturbances, psychiatric symptoms, and likelihood of later abuse in adulthood.
Fifty-one bulimics and 25 normal eaters participated in this study. Semistructured interviews and self-report measures were used to assess eating symptoms, comorbid psychiatric disturbances, personality pathology, and childhood and adulthood abuse.
Compared with the normal eaters, bulimic women reported higher levels of childhood abuse. Although bulimic women showed more psychopathology than nonbulimic women, there was a correspondence between the presence and severity of abuse and the severity of concurrent psychopathologic symptoms. Results linked dissociation and submissiveness to most severe forms of abuse. Abuse in adulthood was almost always preceded by earlier abuse during childhood.
Our findings suggest an association between certain psychopathologic traits and the likelihood of abuse (especially when occurring both in childhood and adulthood). Observed associations could implicate causal effects of childhood abuse on personality development, influences of personality traits in heightening the risk of abuse, or both.
我们评估了贪食症女性童年期身体虐待和性虐待与饮食失调、精神症状以及成年后遭受虐待可能性之间的关联。
51名贪食症患者和25名正常饮食者参与了本研究。采用半结构化访谈和自我报告测量方法来评估饮食症状、共病精神障碍、人格病理学以及童年期和成年期的虐待情况。
与正常饮食者相比，贪食症女性报告的童年期虐待水平更高。尽管贪食症女性比非贪食症女性表现出更多的精神病理学症状，但虐待的存在和严重程度与并发精神病理症状的严重程度之间存在对应关系。结果表明，分离和顺从与最严重形式的虐待有关。成年期的虐待几乎总是在童年期更早遭受虐待之后发生。
我们的研究结果表明某些精神病理特征与遭受虐待的可能性之间存在关联（尤其是在童年期和成年期都发生时）。观察到的关联可能意味着童年期虐待对人格发展的因果影响、人格特质对增加虐待风险的影响，或者两者兼而有之。
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