Kaimbo D Kaimbo Wa, Missotten L
Service d'Ophtalmologie, Université de Kinshasa, République Démocratique du Congo.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 2003 Feb;26(2):143-7.
To determine the frequency of ocular abnormalities in patients with headache seen for an ocular examination.
All 944 consecutive new patients with headache examined during a 3-year period (1984-1986) at the Department of Ophthalmology, University of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients received an ocular examination which included measurement of visual acuity, refraction, slit lamp examination, and fundoscopy. Other examinations such as measurement of intraocular pressure, neuro-ophthalmological examination, visual field and fluoangiography were performed when needed.
The frequency of patients with headache examined during this period was 15.6% (944 out of 6,066 patients) or one patient out of 16 new patients. Their average age was 30+/-13.5 years. Females (60%) complained more frequently of headache than males (40%) (p<0.05). Migraine was found in 3.9% of patients. Ocular abnormalities were found in 505 (64%) patients and included refractive disorders (44%), lesions of the posterior segment (17%), abnormalities of the conjunctiva (12%), abnormalities of the anterior segment (12%), presbyopia (11%), and ocular motor palsies, heterophoria, convergence insufficiency and other ocular abnormalities (4%). Of 224 patients with ametropia, 154 (69%) were myopic with or without astigmatism. When specified, headache was most often fronto-occipital. Headache was most frequently associated with decreased vision, eye pain, epiphora, foreign body sensation, itching, and photophobia.
Ocular examination could be necessary in cases of patients who complain of headache.
确定因眼部检查而就诊的头痛患者中眼部异常的发生率。
在刚果民主共和国金沙萨大学眼科，对1984年至1986年这3年期间连续检查的944例新发头痛患者进行了这项回顾性研究。所有患者均接受了眼部检查，包括视力测量、验光、裂隙灯检查和眼底镜检查。必要时还进行了其他检查，如眼压测量、神经眼科检查、视野检查和荧光血管造影。
在此期间接受检查的头痛患者占15.6%（6066例患者中的944例），即每16例新患者中有1例。他们的平均年龄为30±13.5岁。女性（60%）比男性（40%）更频繁地抱怨头痛（p<0.05）。3.9%的患者患有偏头痛。505例（64%）患者发现有眼部异常，包括屈光不正（44%）、后段病变（17%）、结膜异常（12%）、前段异常（12%）、老花眼（11%）以及眼肌麻痹、隐斜视、集合不足和其他眼部异常（4%）。在224例屈光不正患者中，154例（69%）为近视，有或无散光。具体而言，头痛最常发生在前额枕部。头痛最常与视力下降、眼痛、流泪、异物感、瘙痒和畏光相关。
对于主诉头痛的患者，可能需要进行眼部检查。
