Colombo Giancarlo, Vacca Giovanni, Serra Salvatore, Brunetti Giuliana, Carai Mauro A M, Gessa Gian Luigi
C.N.R. Institute of Neurogenetics and Neuropharmacology, c/o Bernard B. Brodie Department of Neuroscience, University of Cagliari, Km. 4.5, S.S. 554, 09042 Monserrato, Italy.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2003 May;167(3):221-4. doi: 10.1007/s00213-003-1397-y. Epub 2003 Apr 1.
Recent studies demonstrated that treatment with the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(B) receptor agonist baclofen reduced alcohol intake in selectively bred Sardinian alcohol-preferring (sP) rats tested under the home-cage, two-bottle choice regimen.
The present study investigated the effect of baclofen on the appetitive, rather than consummatory, aspects of alcohol ingestion in sP rats.
Rats were trained to lever-press for oral alcohol (10%, v/v) or sucrose (3%, w/v) under a fixed-ratio schedule of 4. Once self-administration behavior was established, alcohol intake averaged approximately 0.7 g/kg over the 30-min session. Subsequently, the effect of the acute administration of baclofen (0, 1, 2 and 3 mg/kg, i.p.) on the extinction responding for alcohol and sucrose (defined as the maximal number of lever responses reached in the absence of reinforcement and used as index of motivation to consume alcohol and sucrose) was evaluated. RESULTS. All doses of baclofen produced a marked suppression of extinction responding for alcohol. Conversely, only the 3-mg/kg baclofen dose significantly affected extinction responding for sucrose. A separate open-field test indicated that baclofen (0, 1, 2 and 3 mg/kg, i.p.) did not affect spontaneous motor activity in sP rats.
These results suggest that baclofen may specifically reduce the motivational properties of alcohol; further, these results are in agreement with the recently reported anti-craving potential of baclofen in alcoholics.
最近的研究表明，用γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）（B）受体激动剂巴氯芬治疗，可减少在笼内双瓶选择方案下测试的选择性培育的撒丁岛嗜酒（sP）大鼠的酒精摄入量。
本研究调查了巴氯芬对sP大鼠酒精摄入的欲求方面而非 consummatory 方面的影响。
训练大鼠在固定比率为4的条件下按压杠杆以获取口服酒精（10%，v/v）或蔗糖（3%，w/v）。一旦建立了自我给药行为，在30分钟的实验过程中，酒精摄入量平均约为0.7克/千克。随后，评估急性给予巴氯芬（0、1、2和3毫克/千克，腹腔注射）对酒精和蔗糖消退反应的影响（消退反应定义为在无强化情况下达到的最大杠杆反应次数，并用作摄入酒精和蔗糖的动机指标）。结果。所有剂量的巴氯芬均显著抑制了对酒精的消退反应。相反，只有3毫克/千克剂量的巴氯芬显著影响了对蔗糖的消退反应。一项单独的旷场试验表明，巴氯芬（0、1、2和3毫克/千克，腹腔注射）不影响sP大鼠的自发运动活动。
这些结果表明，巴氯芬可能特异性降低酒精的动机特性；此外，这些结果与最近报道的巴氯芬对酗酒者的抗渴望潜力一致。
