Hoeger Rainer, Schreckenberg Dirk, Felscher-Suhr Ute, Griefahn Barbara
ZEUS GmbH, Universitatsstrasse 142, D-44799 Bochum, Germany.
Noise Health. 2002;4(15):19-25.
The annoyance-reaction is one of the central variables in noise research. After an introduction to different concepts and definitions of noise annoyance different scales of how noise annoyance can be measured are shown. The question is discussed whether disturbance effects of noise at different times of day are given. To clarify this problem, the results of a series of actual German noise studies are reported. In these studies differences between day- and night-time annoyance are found depending on the sound sources. For the case of road traffic noise no differences between day and night-time annoyance were found. In contrast, annoyance reactions are related to the time of day for railway and air traffic noise. Especially for aircraft noise, above a Leq of 50 dB(A) night-time annoyance rises faster than day-time annoyance. The effects are discussed in the frame of a cognitive model of noise annoyance. It is argued that annoyance judgements are based on an internal representation of the noise situation. Part of this representation are the event characteristics of the sound sources and their estimated impacts for disturbances at different times of day.
烦恼反应是噪声研究中的核心变量之一。在介绍了噪声烦恼的不同概念和定义之后，展示了测量噪声烦恼程度的不同量表。探讨了是否存在噪声在一天中不同时间的干扰效应这一问题。为了阐明这个问题，报告了一系列德国实际噪声研究的结果。在这些研究中，根据声源的不同，发现了白天和夜间烦恼程度的差异。对于道路交通噪声，未发现白天和夜间烦恼程度有差异。相比之下，烦恼反应与铁路和空中交通噪声的时间有关。特别是对于飞机噪声，当等效连续A声级（Leq）高于50分贝（A）时，夜间烦恼程度比白天上升得更快。这些效应在噪声烦恼认知模型的框架内进行了讨论。有人认为，烦恼判断基于对噪声情况的内部表征。这种表征的一部分是声源的事件特征及其对一天中不同时间干扰的估计影响。
