枯草芽孢杆菌必需基因。
Essential Bacillus subtilis genes.
作者信息
Kobayashi K, Ehrlich S D, Albertini A, Amati G, Andersen K K, Arnaud M, Asai K, Ashikaga S, Aymerich S, Bessieres P, Boland F, Brignell S C, Bron S, Bunai K, Chapuis J, Christiansen L C, Danchin A, Débarbouille M, Dervyn E, Deuerling E, Devine K, Devine S K, Dreesen O, Errington J, Fillinger S, Foster S J, Fujita Y, Galizzi A, Gardan R, Eschevins C, Fukushima T, Haga K, Harwood C R, Hecker M, Hosoya D, Hullo M F, Kakeshita H, Karamata D, Kasahara Y, Kawamura F, Koga K, Koski P, Kuwana R, Imamura D, Ishimaru M, Ishikawa S, Ishio I, Le Coq D, Masson A, Mauël C, Meima R, Mellado R P, Moir A, Moriya S, Nagakawa E, Nanamiya H, Nakai S, Nygaard P, Ogura M, Ohanan T, O'Reilly M, O'Rourke M, Pragai Z, Pooley H M, Rapoport G, Rawlins J P, Rivas L A, Rivolta C, Sadaie A, Sadaie Y, Sarvas M, Sato T, Saxild H H, Scanlan E, Schumann W, Seegers J F M L, Sekiguchi J, Sekowska A, Séror S J, Simon M, Stragier P, Studer R, Takamatsu H, Tanaka T, Takeuchi M, Thomaides H B, Vagner V, van Dijl J M, Watabe K, Wipat A, Yamamoto H, Yamamoto M, Yamamoto Y, Yamane K, Yata K, Yoshida K, Yoshikawa H, Zuber U, Ogasawara N
机构信息
Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0101, Japan.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 15;100(8):4678-83. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0730515100. Epub 2003 Apr 7.
To estimate the minimal gene set required to sustain bacterial life in nutritious conditions, we carried out a systematic inactivation of Bacillus subtilis genes. Among approximately 4,100 genes of the organism, only 192 were shown to be indispensable by this or previous work. Another 79 genes were predicted to be essential. The vast majority of essential genes were categorized in relatively few domains of cell metabolism, with about half involved in information processing, one-fifth involved in the synthesis of cell envelope and the determination of cell shape and division, and one-tenth related to cell energetics. Only 4% of essential genes encode unknown functions. Most essential genes are present throughout a wide range of Bacteria, and almost 70% can also be found in Archaea and Eucarya. However, essential genes related to cell envelope, shape, division, and respiration tend to be lost from bacteria with small genomes. Unexpectedly, most genes involved in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway are essential. Identification of unknown and unexpected essential genes opens research avenues to better understanding of processes that sustain bacterial life.
为了评估在营养条件下维持细菌生命所需的最小基因集，我们对枯草芽孢杆菌的基因进行了系统性失活研究。在该生物体约4100个基因中，通过本研究或之前的研究仅发现192个基因是不可或缺的。另外79个基因被预测为必需基因。绝大多数必需基因归类于相对较少的细胞代谢领域，约一半参与信息处理，五分之一参与细胞壁合成以及细胞形状和分裂的决定，十分之一与细胞能量学相关。只有4%的必需基因编码未知功能。大多数必需基因广泛存在于各类细菌中，近70%的必需基因在古菌和真核生物中也能找到。然而，与细胞壁、形状、分裂和呼吸相关的必需基因往往会从小基因组细菌中丢失。出乎意料的是，参与糖酵解途径的大多数基因是必需的。鉴定未知和意外的必需基因开辟了研究途径，有助于更好地理解维持细菌生命的过程。
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