Espedito Di Lauro A, Morgese F, Squillace A, Ramaglia L
Dipartimento di Scienze Odontostomatologiche e Maxillo-Facciali, Scuola di Specializzazione in Chirurgia Odontostomatologica, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy.
Minerva Stomatol. 2003 Jan-Feb;52(1-2):1-7.
In vitro evaluation of the effects of different mechanical and manual instruments on rough implant surfaces coated with hydroxyapatite (HA) or titanium plasma sprayed (TPS).
Fourteen cylindrical rough implants have been used, 7 HA coated and 7 TPS coated. 1 HA and 1 TPS implant have been used as control. Implants, splitted in two surfaces for a total of 24 experimental areas, have been treated by ultrasonic scaler tips, stainless-steel curettes, plastic curettes and air-powder polishing. Instrumented surfaces have been examinted under light microscope by different examiners and then evaluated under scanning electron microscope.
All experimental procedures have determined alterations of rough implant surfaces. Ultrasonic scaler tips and stainless-steel curettes have modified the surface topography of the coating in almost all samples examinted under light microscope, while alterations induced by plastic curettes and air-powder polishing have been detected respectively in 30% and 60% of the treated surfaces. The type of alteration was related to implant coating material and to the procedures used, and it may consist in coating removal or decreasing of surface roughness. The effect of ultrasonic scaler tips, although more aggressive, seems to be more limited compared to the other procedures.
Ultrasonic scaler tips may be used in conjunction with a magnification system to limit the instrumentation to areas with bacterial deposits extremely adherent or calcified.
体外评估不同机械和手动器械对涂有羟基磷灰石（HA）或钛等离子喷涂（TPS）的粗糙种植体表面的影响。
使用了14个圆柱形粗糙种植体，7个涂有HA，7个涂有TPS。1个HA种植体和1个TPS种植体用作对照。将种植体分成两个表面，共24个实验区域，分别用超声洁治器头、不锈钢刮匙、塑料刮匙和气粉抛光进行处理。不同检查人员在光学显微镜下检查处理过的表面，然后在扫描电子显微镜下进行评估。
所有实验操作均导致粗糙种植体表面发生改变。在光学显微镜下检查的几乎所有样本中，超声洁治器头和不锈钢刮匙都改变了涂层的表面形貌，而在30%和60%的处理表面分别检测到塑料刮匙和气粉抛光引起的改变。改变的类型与种植体涂层材料和使用的操作有关，可能包括涂层去除或表面粗糙度降低。超声洁治器头的影响虽然更具侵袭性，但与其他操作相比似乎更有限。
超声洁治器头可与放大系统结合使用，将器械操作限制在细菌沉积物极其附着或钙化的区域。
