Koleva M, Kostova V
Department of Hygiene, Ecology, and Occupational Health, Medical University, 15 Blvd. Dimitar Nestorov, Sofia 1431, Bulgaria.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2003 Mar;11(1):9-13.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of some personal and work-related risk factors for the occurrence and development of MSDs as well as to assess the prevalence and relative risk by means of odds ratio and 95% confidence interval.
Of this comprehensive cross-sectional study were 921 workers and employees from the four main departments of the plant. The following complex of methods was applied: personal anamnesis, occupational history, physical examination, clinical laboratory testing, anthropometric examination, conventional radiography and statistical methods.
Age is the first risk factor, discussed by authors. The data showed highly significant differences in the prevalence of MSDs--9.48% in the risk group versus 1.97% in the reference group (OR 5.21, 95% CI 2.42-11.61). Gender is the second risk factor strongly related to MSDs in combination with age. The prevalence of MSDs is higher for women over 40 years that for men over 40 years: OR is 6.43 with 95% CI 1.73-28.23 versus OR 4.66 with 95% CI 1.80-12.77). Obesity is the third risk factor for MSDs. The data showed highly significant differences in the prevalence of MSDs--7.03% in risk group versus 3.08% in reference group, OR 2.38 with 95% CI 1.10-5.30. Smoking for more than 20 years also increases the risk of developing MSDs. At this stage of the research, there is no proof of the impact of hypercholesterolemia, non-occupational or work-related strain on the development of MSDs. The authors' conclusion is that these results may support programs for health promotion and health prevention.
本研究的目的是评估一些个人和工作相关风险因素对肌肉骨骼疾病发生和发展的影响，并通过比值比和95%置信区间评估其患病率和相对风险。
本全面横断面研究的对象为该工厂四个主要部门的921名工人和雇员。采用了以下综合方法：个人病史、职业史、体格检查、临床实验室检测、人体测量检查、传统放射学检查和统计方法。
年龄是作者讨论的首个风险因素。数据显示肌肉骨骼疾病患病率存在高度显著差异——风险组为9.48%，参照组为1.97%（比值比5.21，95%置信区间2.42 - 11.61）。性别是与肌肉骨骼疾病密切相关的第二个风险因素，与年龄相关。40岁以上女性的肌肉骨骼疾病患病率高于40岁以上男性：比值比为6.43，95%置信区间1.73 - 28.23，而男性的比值比为4.66，95%置信区间1.80 - 12.77）。肥胖是肌肉骨骼疾病的第三个风险因素。数据显示肌肉骨骼疾病患病率存在高度显著差异——风险组为7.03%，参照组为3.08%，比值比2.38，95%置信区间1.10 - 5.30。吸烟超过20年也会增加患肌肉骨骼疾病的风险。在本研究阶段，没有证据表明高胆固醇血症、非职业性或与工作相关的压力对肌肉骨骼疾病的发展有影响。作者的结论是，这些结果可能支持健康促进和疾病预防项目。
