van der Kooij D, Vrouwenvelder J S, Veenendaal H R
Kiwa Water Research, PO Box 1072, 3430 BB Nieuwegein, The Netherlands.
Water Sci Technol. 2003;47(5):83-90.
Controlling biological processes in water treatment and distribution is a major challenge to water supply companies. In the Netherlands, the use of chlorine-based disinfectants in water treatment is limited as much as possible and treated water is distributed without disinfectant residual in most cases. Biofilm formation processes in water treatment and distribution are studied using adenosinetriphosphate (ATP) as the parameter for active biomass. ATP measurements are applied to assess biofilm concentrations in distribution systems, in the biofilm monitor to determine the biofilm formation rate of treated water, in the biomass production potential test to determine the effect of pipe materials on microbial growth and in membrane systems to quantify biofouling. The use of a single parameter enables to compare biofilm concentrations in all situations and contributes to the understanding and control of biofilm formation processes in water treatment and distribution. This approach has been designated as the Unified Biofilm Approach.
控制水处理和配水过程中的生物过程是供水公司面临的一项重大挑战。在荷兰，水处理中尽可能限制使用氯基消毒剂，大多数情况下处理后的水在没有消毒剂残留的情况下进行分配。利用三磷酸腺苷（ATP）作为活性生物量的参数来研究水处理和配水过程中的生物膜形成过程。ATP测量用于评估配水系统中的生物膜浓度、在生物膜监测仪中确定处理后水的生物膜形成速率、在生物量生产潜力测试中确定管材对微生物生长的影响以及在膜系统中量化生物污染。使用单一参数能够比较所有情况下的生物膜浓度，并有助于理解和控制水处理和配水过程中的生物膜形成过程。这种方法被称为统一生物膜方法。
