Thomopoulos Stavros, Williams Gerald R, Gimbel Jonathan A, Favata Michele, Soslowsky Louis J
McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, 424 Stemmler Hall, 36th and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia 19104-6081, USA.
J Orthop Res. 2003 May;21(3):413-9. doi: 10.1016/S0736-0266(03)00057-3.
The tendon to bone insertion site is a complex transitional region that links two very different materials. The insertion site must transfer a complex loading environment effectively to prevent injury and provide proper joint function. In order to accomplish this load transfer effectively, the properties of the insertion site were hypothesized to vary along its length. The quasilinear viscoelastic (QLV) Model was used to determine biomechanical properties, polarized light analysis was used to quantitate collagen orientation (structure), and in situ hybridization was used to determine the expression of extracellular matrix genes (composition). All assays were performed at two insertion site locations: the tendon end of the insertion and the bony end of the insertion. Biomechanically, the apparent properties of peak strain, the coefficients (A and B) that describe the elastic component of the QLV model, and one of the coefficients (tau(1)) of the viscous component of the model were significantly higher, while another of the coefficients (C) of the viscous component was significantly lower at the tendon insertion compared to the bony insertion. The collagen was significantly more oriented at the tendon insertion compared to the bony insertion. Finally, collagen types II, IX, and X, and aggrecan were localized only to the bony insertion, while decorin and biglycan were localized only to the tendon insertion. Thus, the tendon to bony insertion site varies dramatically along its length in terms of its viscoelastic properties, collagen structure, and extracellular matrix composition.
肌腱与骨的附着部位是一个连接两种截然不同材料的复杂过渡区域。该附着部位必须有效地传递复杂的负荷环境，以防止受伤并提供适当的关节功能。为了有效地完成这种负荷传递，推测附着部位的特性会沿其长度发生变化。采用准线性粘弹性（QLV）模型来确定生物力学特性，利用偏振光分析来量化胶原纤维的取向（结构），并采用原位杂交来确定细胞外基质基因的表达（组成）。所有检测均在附着部位的两个位置进行：附着部位的肌腱端和骨端。在生物力学方面，与骨附着相比，肌腱附着处的峰值应变表观特性、描述QLV模型弹性成分的系数（A和B）以及模型粘性成分的系数之一（τ(1)）显著更高，而粘性成分的另一个系数（C）则显著更低。与骨附着相比，肌腱附着处的胶原纤维排列明显更有序。最后，II型、IX型和X型胶原以及聚集蛋白聚糖仅定位于骨附着处，而核心蛋白聚糖和双糖链蛋白聚糖仅定位于肌腱附着处。因此，肌腱与骨的附着部位在其粘弹性特性、胶原结构和细胞外基质组成方面沿其长度存在显著差异。
