Jamal N, Ng K-H, McLean D
Malaysian Institute for Nuclear Technology Research, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Br J Radiol. 2003 Apr;76(904):238-45. doi: 10.1259/bjr/66428508.
The primary objective of this study was to determine the mean glandular dose (MGD) during diagnostic mammography in Malaysia. The secondary objective was to evaluate some of the factors affecting MGD. A survey of standard MGD was performed, based upon quality control records for the period October 1999 to August 2001. This covered 30 mammography units from 9 manufacturers. MGD was also measured for a series of patients attending mammography examinations at three other mammography units. MGD per film was estimated from recorded radiographic factors, the compressed breast thickness (CBT) and X-ray unit calibration data. MGD per woman was calculated by summing the MGDs for all films, and averaging it over both breasts. 300 women drawn equally from three major ethnic groups, namely Malay, Chinese and Indian, took part in the study. The difference of MGD per woman between ethnic groups was tested for significance using non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and median tests. The factors affecting MGD per woman were tested for significance using a multivariate analysis of variance. The MGD for the phantom was 1.23 mGy (range 0.22-2.39 mGy) while the mean patient based MGD per film was 1.54 mGy and 1.82 mGy for the craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique views, respectively. The mean MGD per woman was 3.37 mGy. It was also found that there is no significant difference in MGD per woman among the ethnic groups (p>0.05, Kruskal-Wallis test). However, on the multivariate test two factors, namely half value layer of the X-ray beam and (CBT), had a significant effect on MGD per woman (p<0.05). No significant relationships were seen between MGD per woman with respect to ethnicity, body mass index or age.
本研究的主要目的是确定马来西亚诊断性乳房X光检查期间的平均腺体剂量（MGD）。次要目的是评估一些影响平均腺体剂量的因素。基于1999年10月至2001年8月期间的质量控制记录，对标准平均腺体剂量进行了调查。这涵盖了来自9家制造商的30个乳房X光检查设备。还对在其他三个乳房X光检查设备接受乳房X光检查的一系列患者进行了平均腺体剂量测量。根据记录的射线照相因素、乳房压缩厚度（CBT）和X光设备校准数据估算每张胶片的平均腺体剂量。每位女性的平均腺体剂量通过将所有胶片的平均腺体剂量相加，并在双侧乳房上求平均值来计算。从马来族、华族和印族这三个主要种族中各抽取100名女性参与了该研究。使用非参数Kruskal-Wallis检验和中位数检验来检验不同种族间每位女性平均腺体剂量的差异是否具有统计学意义。使用多因素方差分析来检验影响每位女性平均腺体剂量的因素是否具有统计学意义。模体的平均腺体剂量为1.23毫戈瑞（范围为0.22 - 2.39毫戈瑞），而基于患者的每张胶片平均腺体剂量，头尾位视图为1.54毫戈瑞，内外斜位视图为1.82毫戈瑞。每位女性的平均腺体剂量为3.37毫戈瑞。研究还发现，不同种族间每位女性的平均腺体剂量没有显著差异（p>0.05，Kruskal-Wallis检验）。然而，在多因素检验中，有两个因素，即X射线束的半值层和乳房压缩厚度，对每位女性的平均腺体剂量有显著影响（p<0.05）。未发现每位女性的平均腺体剂量与种族、体重指数或年龄之间存在显著关系。
