Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, 8915173149, Iran.
Medical Physics Department, Yazd Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Yazd, 8915164481, Iran.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry. 2024 Jun 18;200(9):809-821. doi: 10.1093/rpd/ncae121.
mammography is the gold standard in the early detection of breast cancer. Due to the increase in the rate of women suffering from this malignancy all over the world, this imaging modality has been widely used. Considering the side effects caused by ionizing radiation to measure the carcinogenic risk of mammography X-rays, mean glandular dose (MGD) is the best parameter to evaluate the dose received by patients undergoing mammography. The aims of this study were to measure MGD in mammography in mammographic craniocaudal (CC) and mediolateral oblique (MLO) projections and investigate the relationship of MGD with compressed breast thickness (CBT), body mass index, age of the patient, and device exposure conditions.
this cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on women aged 30-70 referring to the mammography unit of Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd city from May to August 2022. The TLD-GR 200 (thermoluminescence dosimeter) was placed on the breast of the patients for CC and MLO projections, and then the MGD was obtained by multiplying the entrance surface dose and the normalized glandular dose. Analysis of data (such as demographic information of patients, CBT, kVp, and mAs) was done by SPSS 23 software. The normality of the data was checked using Shapiro-Wilk tests. It was found that except for age, other variables did not have a normal distribution; therefore, equivalent parametric and nonparametric tests were used. In this regard, Spearman's correlation was used to assess the correlation between variables. P-value < .05 was considered as level of significance.
The mean ± standard deviation (SD) age of patients was 47.3 ± 7.1 years. The median ± IQR (the interquartile range (IQR) is a measure of statistical dispersion, which is the spread of the data. It is defined as the difference between the 75th and 25th percentiles of the data.) (mean ± SD) value of MGD per woman was 1.2 ± 0.4 mGy (1.3 ± 0.3 mGy). The median ± IQR MGD in the MLO and CC projections was 1.6 ± 0.6 mGy and 0.9 ± 0.4 mGy, respectively. Significant relationships (P-value ≤ .001) were observed between MGD with CBT (R = 0.62) and age (R = -0.85).
The results showed that the mammography unit at Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd is functioning properly. The calculated median ± IQR MGD per woman referring to this unit (1.2 ± 0.4 mGy) was clearly below the dose limit recommended by American College of Radiology and International Commission on Radiological Protection (3 mGy). Moreover, among the factors affecting MGD, the highest correlation was seen between MGD and age (R = -0.85).
乳腺 X 线摄影是早期乳腺癌检测的金标准。由于全世界患有这种恶性肿瘤的女性比例增加，这种成像方式得到了广泛应用。由于电离辐射对测量乳腺 X 线摄影致癌风险的影响，乳腺平均腺体剂量（MGD）是评估接受乳腺 X 线摄影患者所接受剂量的最佳参数。本研究旨在测量乳腺 X 线摄影中在头尾（CC）和内外斜（MLO）投照体位的 MGD，并探讨 MGD 与乳房压缩厚度（CBT）、体重指数、患者年龄和设备曝光条件的关系。
这是一项横断面分析性研究，于 2022 年 5 月至 8 月在亚兹德市沙希德·萨杜吉医院的乳腺摄影科对 30-70 岁的女性进行。在 CC 和 MLO 投照体位将 TLD-GR 200（热释光剂量计）放置在患者的乳房上，然后通过将入射表面剂量乘以标准化腺体剂量来获得 MGD。使用 SPSS 23 软件分析患者的人口统计学信息、CBT、kVp 和 mAs 等数据。使用 Shapiro-Wilk 检验检查数据的正态性。结果发现，除年龄外，其他变量均无正态分布；因此，使用了等效的参数和非参数检验。在这方面，使用 Spearman 相关系数来评估变量之间的相关性。P 值<.05 被认为具有统计学意义。
患者的平均年龄±标准差（SD）为 47.3±7.1 岁。女性每例的 MGD 中位数±IQR（中位数±四分位距（IQR）是衡量统计离散度的指标，它是数据的分布范围。定义为数据的 75%和 25%分位数之间的差异。）（平均值±SD）值为 1.2±0.4mGy（1.3±0.3mGy）。MLO 和 CC 投影中 MGD 的中位数±IQR 分别为 1.6±0.6mGy 和 0.9±0.4mGy。MGD 与 CBT（R=0.62）和年龄（R=-0.85）之间存在显著关系（P 值≤.001）。
结果表明，亚兹德沙希德·萨杜吉医院的乳腺摄影科运行正常。该科室每例女性的计算中位数±IQR MGD（1.2±0.4mGy）明显低于美国放射学院和国际辐射防护委员会推荐的剂量限值（3mGy）。此外，在影响 MGD 的因素中，MGD 与年龄的相关性最高（R=-0.85）。
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